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91	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-70
Clay Mask Formulation Combination of Avocado Leaf Extract (Persea americana, Mill) and Lemon Orange (Citrus Limon L.) as Natural Antioxidants. Arie Febrianto Mulyadi (a*), Sukardi (b), Novia Trisna Rahmayanti (c) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Veteran Street, Malang 65145, Indonesia *arie_febrianto[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Indonesia has various types of medicinal plants, one of which is the avocado. Avocado leaves contain chemical components such as saponins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, polyphenols, and quercetin. Lemon juice contains citric acid and is rich in vitamin C. The aims of this study was to determine the effect of different concentration formulations of avocado leaf extract and lemon juice on the physical and chemical characteristics of the mask preparation and to obtain the best formulation and antioxidant activity for the clay mask preparation. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 1 factor in the form of a comparison of the concentrations of avocado leaf extract and lemon juice respectively 5:0 gr, 4.5:0.5 gr, 4:1 gr, 3.5:1.5 gr, 3:2 gr, 2.5 :2.5 gr. The results showed that the best clay mask preparation with avocado leaf extract and juice in the clay mask formulation with a comparison of avocado leaf extract with 4 grams and 0 grams of lemon juice obtained yield results of 91.88%, water content of 45.60%, pH of 6.57, the IC50 value of 153.02 ppm which is a weak antioxidant, the dry time is 17 minutes, and the specific gravity of the clay mask is 1.05 g/mL. Keywords: Avocado leaves, Clay Mask, Lemon Juice, Maceration Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Arie Febrianto Mulyadi)

92	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-73
Optimizing the distribution of tofu products using a genetic algorithm approach Usman Effendi (a*), Arif Hidayat (a), Masud Effendi (a), Aunur Rofiq Mulyarto (a), Yessicha Kristina Silitonga (a) a) Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia * usman_eff[at]ub.ac.id Abstract The aim of this research is to determine the optimal route using a genetic algorithm and to compare the routes before and after optimization. The method used is the Genetic Algorithm, which consists of representation and initialization stages using permutation encode representation of the sequence of travel routes. The fitness function evaluation is the minimization of total fuel cost, selection is done using roulette wheel selection, crossover is done using PMX, and mutation is done using swap mutation. The testing of parameter combinations is carried out on population size, Cr and Mr values, and the number of generations. The parameter testing based on the highest average fitness is conducted 10 times for each parameter combination. The population size testing is conducted within the range of 100-1000, and the best population size obtained is 600. The combination testing of Cr and Mr is conducted for combinations of 1 and more than 1, and the values obtained are Cr: 0.6 and Mr: 0.5. The testing of the number of generations is conducted within the range of 100-1000, and the best number of generations obtained is 900. This combination of parameters results in a fitness of 0.00960 with a total distance traveled of 307.61 and a total transportation cost of Rp 104,082 for fuel. Initially, the total distance traveled was 278.57 km with a fuel distribution cost of Rp 161,258. Therefore, the results of this research are able to save 35.46% of fuel transportation costs. Keywords: Genetic Algorithm, Optimization, Product Distribution Route, Transportation Cost Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Usman Effendi)

93	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-80
Risk Mitigation Strategies Affecting the Quality of Roast Coffee Beans in Malang City Using FMEA and AHP Methods Mohammad Zakiy Fiddin*, Imam Santoso and Dodyk Pranowo Departement of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Veteran Street, Malang 65145, Indonesia *mohzakiyfiddin[at]student.ub.ac.id Abstract The proliferation of coffee shops increased rivalry among cafe owners. As a result, every cafe is urged to ensure the quality of their coffee goods by incorporating risk management into the roasting process. Risk-management strategies include risk identification, management, and control. As a result, it is necessary to conduct research on the various hazards that could degrade the coffee roasting quality in Malang City, as well as the prioritized risk mitigation techniques. Priority risk mitigation measure was selected in this study by utilizing the Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) technique and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The risk of failure setting the roasting temperature (R7) has the highest RPN score, with a value of 5,67, according to the analysis results of the 14 risk variables. It was determined that the aforementioned variable carried a moderately high risk. The variable implementing sortation in the pre-production process (D2) is recognized to be the priority approach among the ten risk mitigation techniques that were examined. Keywords: coffee, AHP, FMEA Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mohammad Zakiy Fiddin)

94	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-90
Productivity Analysis Using Green Productivity Approach in Corn Chips Production Riska Septifani1, Jasmine Aurellia Azhar1, Isti Purwaningsih1 1Departement of Agro-industrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Technology Universitas Brawijaya Email: riskaseptifani[at]ub.ac.id Abstract PT X is one of the MSMEs in Malang that produces corn chips. The production process involves a lot of resources and produces waste. To maintain the productivity of MSMEs, one of the efforts that can be made is to reduce waste and make efficient use of resources by increasing productivity using the green productivity approach. This research aims to analyse the productivity level of MSMEs using the green productivity approach and recommend alternative strategies to increase their productivity. The method used is the stages of the green productivity method, which starts with identifying production waste using a mass balance and mapping it into the Green Value Stream Mapping. (GVSM) to see the Environmental Impact (EI). Economic indicators are considered to obtain the Green Productivity Index (GPI) value. The alternative strategies obtained are compared using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to get the best alternative strategy. The research results were the initial conditions of SMEs with an economic indicator value of 1.24 and an environmental impact value of 880.07. The alternative strategy chosen to increase the productivity of MSMEs is to replace the use of firewood with LPG which can reduce the environmental impact to 762.58 but reduce the economic indicator value to 1.11, thereby increasing the initial GPI value from 0.00140 to 0.00146. Keywords: Analisis Produktivitas, Emping Jagung, Green Productivity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (RISKA SEPTIFANI)

95	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-99
Analysis of Critical Success Factors in the Madura 3 Corn Seed Industry (Case Study at PT Giri Agro Raya Sejahtera Pamekasan) Abdul Azis Jakfar 1(a), Andri Wijanarko 2(b), Hery Purwanto 3(c) 1Departement of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia 2,3Departement of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Trunojoyo Madura, Indonesia Corresponding author: (a) azis_madura[at]yahoo.com, (a) andriwijanarko[at]trunojoyo.ac.id, (b) herypurwanto0806[at]gmail.com Abstract Abstract. Competition in the corn seed business world is the central focus of this research. PT Giri Agro Raya Sejahtera (GARS), as a company/industry producing Madura-3 corn seeds, is yet to ascertain the Critical Success Factors (CSF) necessary for competitive prowess. This study aims to: 1. Identify business activities within the PT GARS seed industry, 2. Analyze the factors that constitute CSF in the corn seed industry. The research was conducted from July to December 2022. Both primary and secondary data were utilized. A descriptive method with a case study approach was employed, characterized by its qualitative nature. Data collection involved interviews and questionnaires. Vision and mission analysis, external and internal analyses, as well as SWOT analysis were conducted prior to identifying CSFs. Research findings reveal that the CSFs for the corn seed industry are as follows: (1) forming alliances with farmer groups potentially becoming consumers of corn seed products, (2) establishing strong relationships with Bulog (State Logistics Agency), major warehouses, and communities with significant corn seed demands, (3) maintaining an accurate and up-to-date market map, (4) proficient use of ICT in online sales and promotional activities, (5) a robust and extensive marketing network, and (6) an efficient corn seed inventory and distribution system. Keywords: Critical Success Factors, Industry, Corn Seed Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hery Purwanto)

96	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-112
Productivity Analysis of Pure Powdered Cocoa using integration of OMAX and Fuzzy AHP Andan Linggar Rucitra (a*), Citra Rofika (b), Isti Purwaningsih(c) a) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran Malang, East Java, Indonesia *andanrucitra[at]ub.ac.id b) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran Malang, East Java, Indonesia c) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran Malang, East Java, Indonesia Abstract Cocoa is one of the plantation commodities that can boost the economy in Indonesia. Cocoa production in East Java in 2020 reached 23,339 tons, while in 2021 it increased by 0.99% to 23,519 tons. One of the processed products from cocoa is pure cocoa powder. The Mulyo Jati Farmer Group is a farmer group engaged in cocoa plantations and processing in Mojokerto, East Java. The Mulyo Jati Farmer Group has a 1000 cart program, which distributes 1000 carts with chocolate beverage products throughout East Java. This program requires the Mulyo Jati Farmer Group to increase the production of pure cocoa powder effectively and efficiently. Efficient and effective production can be seen from the level of productivity. This study aims to measure and analyze the productivity level of pure cocoa powder production in the Mulyo Jati Farmer Group and provide suggestions for improvements to increase productivity. This study uses the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) and Objective Matrix (OMAX) methods. The F-AHP method is used to determine the weight value of each productivity criterion by involving expert respondents. The results of the F-AHP weighting will be used in the OMAX method to determine the productivity index for each period. The results of this study indicate that the highest productivity value in October 2021 is 8.75. The productivity proposal that can be carried out by the Mulyo Jati Farmer Group in carrying out the production process needs to use 583.34 Kg of raw materials, 186.15 hours of work, 1064.59 of electrical energy usage and 568.19 hours of machine hours per month. Keywords: Productivity Analysis, Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process, Cocoa Powder, Objective Matrix. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andan Linggar Rucitra)

97	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-136
Analysis of Consumer Preference Against Handicraft Paper from Betel Nut Coir Fiber (Areca catechu L.) by Using Conjoint Method Ika Atsari Dewi1,4*), Muchammad Fanani1), Panji Deoranto1), Azimmatul Ihwah1), Cesar Oliver Austria2), Hendro Risdianto3), Hendrix Yulis Setyawan1,4), and Susinggih Wijana1,4) 1)Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2) Forest Products Research and Development Institute Department of Science and Technology (FPRDI-DOST) Forestry, College, Laguna, 4031 Philippines 3) Center for Industrial Standardization and Services of Cellulose, Agency for Industrial Standardization and Services Policy, Ministry of Industry, Kec. Dayeuhkolot, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia 40258 4) Palm-based Agroindustry Research Group, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia *ikaatsaridewi[at]ub.ac.id Abstract An analysis of consumer preferences to find out the characteristics of handicraft paper from betel nut fiber desired is necessary for this innovation. This study aimed to determine the attributes of handicraft paper that are most necessary for consumers. This study was conducted by using Conjoint method. Fifty respondents were interviewed in some cities in Indonesia. The attribute mix used in this study was physical and organoleptic. The physical attribute mix was tensile strength, grammage, thickness, and stiffness while the organoleptic was color, fiber appearance, and surface texture. There were 16 combinations of stimuli formed with simplification using orthogonal arrays. The result shows consumers like tensile strength of 20-<30 kN/m2, grammage of &#8805-500 g/m2, thickness of 1,6-3 mm, stiffness of &#8805-15 mN.m, dark brown color, the appearance of fiber was visible, and had rough surface texture. The results of the correlation analysis show that there is a strong correlation between the results of preference stimuli and actual responses. The handicraft paper produced had the same characteristics as the consumer preference, except that the tensile strength value was 10-<20 kN/m2. The results also showed that fiber appearance had the highest relative importance value to be prioritized. Keywords: Attribute, Betel Nut Coir Fiber, Conjoint Method, Consumer Preference, Handmade Paper Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ika Atsari Dewi)

98	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-142
Robusta Coffee Processing Productivity Analysis Using Objective Matrix (OMAX) Method (Case Study at PT Tinkerbels Permata Indah, Bogor, West Java) Panji Deoranto1, Abiyyu Yazid Hilal2, Isti Purwaningsih3 Universitas Brawijaya/Departement of Agroindustrial Technology/Veteran Street, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract PT Tinkerbels Permata Indah is one of the companies engaged in the coffee processing industry. The high market demand for coffee products made from robusta coffee requires PT Tinkerbels Permata Indah to produce more coffee continuously in an effective and efficient, therefore companies need to measure productivity to determine the performance of using several inputs to produce output. The purpose of this research is to analyze the level of productivity of robusta coffee bean production and to make a proposed improvement plan for PT Tinkerbels Permata Indah. The method used to measure productivity in this study is the objective matrix (OMAX) method. The weight of each criterion was obtained with the help of the pairwise comparison method by filling out a questionnaire by the three experts involved. Based on the research results, the company^s highest productivity achievement was 5.893 in April 2022 and the lowest was in September 2022 with a current value of 0.880. Proposed improvements include companies needing to pay attention to their warehouses by maintaining temperature and humidity so that materials are not damaged by warehouse pests, implementing flexible daily hours to reduce wastage of employee work time, implementing an energy-saving culture and conducting energy audits, and implementing maintenance management at the machine. Keywords: Objective matrix, pairwise comparison, productivity analysis, robusta coffee Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Panji Deoranto)

99	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-143
Supply Chain Externality Control Model on Corn Commodity Competitiveness : A Conceptual Framework Muflihah Ramadhia*, Imam Santoso, Retno Astuti, Wike Dania Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang *Email : ramadhiamuflihah[at]gmail.com Abstract The corn commodity holds significant economic and social importance globally, as it serves as a staple food, animal feed, and raw material for various industrial applications. However, its competitiveness is influenced by both economic factors, such as prices and market dynamics, and social factors, including labor conditions and environmental impacts. The supply chain that supports corn production and distribution also generates externalities, both positive and negative, affecting the overall value of the commodity. This study aims to develop a framework of supply chain externality control model that evaluates the competitiveness of corn considering its economic and social aspects, while also addressing the externalities associated with its production and distribution. Economic variables include in this topic as the corn price, production costs, export-import trends, market share, and profit margins. Social variables such as labor conditions, income distribution, community well-being, and social equity. And externalities variables like institutional network, loyalty, trust, and other social impact in the supply chain. Keywords: Economics, Model, Social, Supply Chain Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muflihah Ramadhia)

100	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-147
Identification of arabica coffee post-harvest processing using a convolutional neural network Masud Effendi (a*), Maulana Muhamad Faqy (a), Imam Santoso (a), Retno Astuti (a), Wayan Firdaus Mahmudy (b) (a) Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya *mas.ud[at]ub.ac.id (b) Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Brawijaya Abstract Indonesia^s economy is greatly boosted by coffee, one of its flagship commodities. The post-harvest processing of coffee involves various processes, and the different methods have a crucial connection to the subsequent stages. Digital image analysis using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) methods can be utilized to improve the identification of coffee beans. This study uses CNN with the ResNet-18 and MobileNetV2 architectures for image analysis. Both architectures achieved the same highest accuracy of 98.89% with a data proportion of 70:20:10. The study demonstrates that both ResNet-18 and MobileNetV2 architectures perform equally well in identifying the post-harvest processing of arabica coffee. The choice between the two can be considered based on available computational resources, desired model weight size, and relevant data proportion requirements for the desired application. Keywords: Image Processing- MobileNetV2- ResNet-18- arabica coffe- Batu Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Masud Effendi)

101	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-148
Conceptual Framework of Specialty Coffee Traceability Supply Chain for Implementing Sustainability Concepts Mahmuddin Ridlo, Sumardi, Sucipto, Herman Tolle Universitas Brawijaya, Malang email : mahmuddin.ridlo[at]gmail.com Abstract This conceptual framework outlines a comprehensive approach to establishing a sustainable specialty coffee traceability supply chain. The framework aims to integrate key sustainability concepts into the various stages of the coffee supply chain, from bean origin to the consumer^s cup. By addressing economic, environmental, and social dimensions, this framework seeks to enhance the transparency, accountability, and resilience of the specialty coffee industry while promoting sustainable practices and fair trade. This conceptual framework provides a holistic approach to transforming the specialty coffee industry into a model of sustainability. By integrating traceability and sustainability concepts across the supply chain, the framework seeks to ensure that the production and consumption of specialty coffee contribute positively to economic prosperity, environmental health, and social equity. Implementing these principles will require collaboration and commitment from all stakeholders, but the long-term benefits will be significant for both the industry and the planet. Keywords: Specialty Coffee, Supply Chain, Traceability Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mahmuddin Ridlo)

102	Agro-industrial production system management and regulation	ABS-171
Business Model Mapping for Kombucha Roots Commercialization with Business Model Canvas (BMC) and SWOT Integration Siti Asmaul Mustaniroh1*, Elok Zubaidah2, Imam Santoso1, Beauty S. Diyah Dewanti1, Riska 1Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia 2Department of IPABIO, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia Building F, 5h floor, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Veteran St. Malang, East Java, Indonesia 65145 *Corresponding Author: asmaul_m[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Kombucha is a herbal (functional) product rich in probiotics from fermented tea and sugar using Acetobacter Xylinum starter. Herbal drinks are one of the functional drinks and the development of healthy lifestyle trends. Kombucha product innovation by replacing tea with rhizome extract is one of the product developments that has the potential to help increase bioactivity through the synergy of kombucha microbial activity with the content of active compounds in the rhizome. In the context of product innovation-based business development, it is necessary to map the business model to identify internal and potential external conditions. This study aimed to analyze the business model mapping for the commercialization of kombucha rhizome with the integration of BMC and SWOT. The research object was a producer of rhizome kombucha ^Healthy Secret^ with six variants of rhizome kombucha drinks (turmeric, white turmeric, sinom turmeric, ginger, kencur, curcuma). The results show that the nine elements of BMC market segmentation who focus on healthy lifestyles back to nature to the broader community. The value proposition is the advantage of turmeric kombucha as a functional product that contains hepatoprotectors, immunomodulators, antidiabetics, and high antioxidant content for human health. The key to the functional activity of the bioactive compounds in the rhizome increases with the key to the production process and physical facilities (equipment that is easy to use), feasible human and financial resources. Alternative strategies for developing the kombucha rhizome business include standardizing product quality, and strengthening supply chain performance. Keywords: kombucha roots, commercialization, business model Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Asmaul Mustaniroh)

103	Agroforestry and biodiversity	ABS-5
Performance of Cloned Katmon (Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe) Shierel F. Vallesteros*, Cecille C. Diamante2, Arvin P. Vallesteros1, Kenn O. Querido1 , Ruby Anne T. Antonio2 1 College of Forestry, Environment and Resources Management. Nueva Vizcaya State University 2 DOST, Scholar Strand 2 Corresponding author: svallesteros[at]nvsu.edu.ph Abstract Katmon (Dillenia philippinensis) is a tree and an endemic species in the Philippines. It is a flowering plant that grows in low to medium altitude forests. It is propagated by seed, but they are currently on the list of threatened species due to timber harvesting. The study assessed the performance of Cloned Katmon (Dillenia philippinensis). The experiment was set up using a completely randomized design (CRD), and the plants were exposed in the nursery in bigger 10^ x 6^ pots. Since the p-value was higher than the significance threshold of 5%, the analysis of variance shows no significant relationship between height, diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and percent survival. The findings show that after 45 days, the cloned katmon can thrive well outside the chamber and in a larger pot. It is highly recommended that cloned katmon that was only exposed in nurseries should be exposed in the field to assess performance and survival rates. It is also possible to domesticate the cloned Katmon, which typically thrives in the wild and has the potential as an indoor or commercial plant. Keywords: Chlorophyll content, Katmon, Dillennia philippinensis Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Shierel Fabia Vallesteros)

104	Agroforestry and biodiversity	ABS-102
Coffee Agroforestry Farming System Based On Organic Farming In Coffee Farmer Community Of Gunungsari Village, In The Pati Regency Tangguh Prakoso (a*), Sri Mulyani (b), Rochmad Winarso (c), Heru Saputro (d), Budi Gunawan (e), Fajar Nugraha (f) a) Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Muria Kudus University, Jl. Lkr. Utara, Kayuapu Kulon, Gondangmanis, Kec. Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah 59327, Indonesia *tangguh.prakoso[at]umk.ac.id b) Department of Accounting, faculty of development economics, Muria Kudus University, Jl. Lkr. Utara, Kayuapu Kulon, Gondangmanis, Kec. Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah 59327, Indonesia c) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Muria Kudus University, Jl. Lkr. Utara, Kayuapu Kulon, Gondangmanis, Kec. Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah 59327, Indonesia d) Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Nahdatul Ulama University Jl. Taman Siswa, Pekeng, Kauman, Tahunan, Kec. Tahunan, Kabupaten Jepara, Jawa Tengah 59451 e) Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Muria Kudus University, Jl. Lkr. Utara, Kayuapu Kulon, Gondangmanis, Kec. Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah 59327, Indonesia f) Department of Informatics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Muria Kudus University, Jl. Lkr. Utara, Kayuapu Kulon, Gondangmanis, Kec. Bae, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah 59327, Indonesia Abstract The high demand for food and living of the community results in an imbalance in land use. Forest areas that have a conservation function become land for the production of monoculture or similar crops. This is due to many factors, one of which is limited public knowledge regarding the importance of forest land as a tool for environmental conservation. Community forests (HKm) are part of state forests which have the main objective of empowering local communities to utilize existing forest resources to meet their daily needs without changing the main function of the forest. Gunungsari Village, Tlogowungu subdistrict, Central Java is a village on the slopes of Mount Muria, which is at an altitude of more than 710 meters above sea level. This village has an area of 270,5 hectares with 157 hectares is forest land that can be used by the community. The management or cultivation of coffee plants (upstream sector) greatly influences the quality and productivity of the coffee plants produced later. For this reason, coffee has good potential to be cultivated by the community by developing agroforestry farming systems. The selection of respondent samples was carried out using a purposive sampling method with a Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach. This approach involves several stages, such as field surveys, data collection, counseling, discussions, and practical demonstrations. From the results of meetings with members of the Gunungsari Village farmer group, information was obtained that from a land area of 57,8 ha of coffee in Gunung Sari Village still does not fully implement an organic farming system based on an agroforestry system and is still limited to monoculture farming system. Keywords: a community forestry system- Coffee waste- Composite- Tighten trees- Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tangguh Prakoso)

105	Agroforestry and biodiversity	ABS-151
Agroforestry Transformation Through Commodity Selection as a Resilience Strategy for the Socio-Ecological System of the Tengger Community Mas Ayu Ambayoen, Kliwon Hidayat, Yayuk Yuliati, Edi Dwi Cahyono Universitas Brawijaya Abstract One type of agroforestry plant that is typical in the Tengger area is apples. However, due to the many challenges faced by farmers from the aspect of cultivation to marketing, people have started to switch to other commodities, such as oranges. This will affect the resilience of the social ecological system of the Tengger community. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to describe changes in agroforestry patterns carried out by the community and to explore the opportunities and challenges of commodity transformation that are being carried out at this time. This research study used a qualitative approach, where information was obtained through in-depth interviews with apple farmer informants and farmer group leaders. Data analysis used Miles and Huberman^s interactive model. The results of the study found that there was a decrease in the number of apple plants and their production on a regular basis. This is because apple cultivation requires large capital, excessive use of chemicals which causes ecological vulnerability, as well as price fluctuations during harvest. While the citrus commodity has the opportunity to be developed with more affordable capital, is ecologically able to withstand erosion, but is faced with the challenge of price competition in the market due to the many sources of this commodity elsewhere. So that more innovation is needed for other commodity choices that are more ecologically and economically sustainable for the community. Keywords: Agroforestry- Socio-Ecological System- Tengger Community Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mas Ayu Ambayoen)

106	Agroforestry and biodiversity	ABS-195
FARMERS^ INTEREST AND ECONOMICS MODEL OF AGROSILVOFISHERY RESTORATION OF DEGRADED PEATLAND IN OKI REGENCY SOUTH SUMATRA INDONESIA EMA PUSVITA1*, ANDY MULYANA2, DESSY ADRIANI3, MIRZA ANTONI4 1 Doctoral Programme in Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Padang Selasa No. 524, Bukit Besar 30139, Palembang, South Sumatra, Indonesia *emapusvita[at]gmail.com 2,3,4 Department of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya. Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih Km 32, Indralaya 30662, Ogan Ilir, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Abstract The sustainability of peatlands required sustainable thinking to protect the existing ecosystem. One of the restoration efforts was the application agrosilvofishery model with 3R (Rewetting, Revegetation and Revitalization) on peatlands. The research objective was to examine the economic value of application agrosilvofishery model on peatlands with a combination of jelutung, chilies and catfish. The research method used purposive sampling method where research location was selected in OKI Regency, South Sumatra. The sample of research was 10 who has their own degraded peatlands, then empowerment them to cultivate peatlands, to obtain the optimal benefits. It was selected based on quota in action research. Farmers selected forest and fruit plants to plant on peat based on their interests. In economic study, the acceptance value was obtained from the agrosilvofishery model, namely jelutung Rp. 716,473,469/m3/30 years, jelutung sap 2,782,080,000/kg/30 years, chilies received Rp. 40,000,000/year, and the average income for catfish was Rp. 1,836,000,000/year. Sensitivity analysis of jelutung-chili-catfish agrosilvofishery obtained an NPV of Rp. 13,413,797,049, IRR (+) 60%, Net B/C 7.1, Gross B/C 3.7, and PP 0.01/year. From the results of this study, farming on peatland with the agrosilvofishery model was feasible. The development strategy by using the business canvas model agrosilvofishery provided an overview of peatlands sustainability in future. Further, this research provided an illustration that to provide for a decent life, farmers need to think about short, medium and long term businesses. Keywords: Agrosilvofishery, Chili, Jelutung, Catfish, Canvas Business Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ema Pusvita)

107	Fisheries and marine technology	ABS-55
Optimizing Fish Drying: Design and Testing of an Innovative Solar Dryer Annisa Nurulhuda, Amanda Resmana, Nanda Riska (*) annisa.nurulhuda@kopernik.info Kopernik, Indonesia Abstract The fishing community in Lhok Kruet village, Aceh, faces challenges in effectively drying anchovies and small shrimps. Presently, they rely on traditional floor drying methods, which prove inadequate during rainy or nighttime conditions, leading to spoilage of their catch. To overcome this issue, we developed a low cost solar dryer. The solar dryer underwent two stages of experimentation: (i) an in house prototyping phase (at the Kopernik office) where we designed and built two different prototypes, and select the most effective solar dryer design, and (ii) a full scale solar dryer built in the project location to test its performance in real world conditions. During stage (i), the solar dryer prototype, equipped with a solar collector, demonstrated promising results. It increased peak temperatures and extended the duration of temperatures above 40 degrees Celsius, achieving the lowest relative humidity (RH) of 35 percent with a stable change, which was 7.5 percent lower than the prototype without a solar collector. Subsequent testing at the project site revealed that the solar dryer design with a solar collector outperformed traditional floor drying methods. It exhibited higher peak temperatures (5.85 degrees Celsius), a gradual temperature increase, and a lower surge in RH (9.5 percent). These findings demonstrate that the solar dryer design can maintain optimal drying conditions for extended periods. Overall, the solar dryer presents a promising and sustainable solution to improve the drying process for anchovies and small shrimps, benefiting the fishers community in Lhok Kruet village and potentially addressing their drying difficulties in the long run. Keywords: Solar dryer, solar collector, temperature, humidity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Annisa Nurulhuda)

108	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-58
Isolation Of Cellulose-Producing Bacteria (K. Saccharivorans) From Rotten Sapodilla Fruit Claudia Gadizza Perdani a) Irnia Nurika b) Setiyo Gunawan a*) a) Department of chemical engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya b) Department of agroindustrial technology Faculty of agricultural technology Universitas Brawijaya Malang gunawan[at]chem-eng.its.ac.id Abstract Bacterial nano cellulose (BNC) is a nano cellulose produced by bacteria with high purity, crystallinity level, water binding ability, a high degree of polymerization, and excellent mechanical characteristics. The selection of substrate and BNC-producing bacteria is one of the critical stages in the production of BNC. In this study, we successfully isolated acetic acid bacteria that potentially produce high-value BNC from rotten sapodilla fruit. Based on the 16s rRNA strain analysis, sapodilla isolate has high similarities with the bacteria Komagataeibacter saccharivorans. The yield of BNC-produced isolate sapodilla Komagataeibacter saccharivorans 0.432 g/L was mainly determined as cellulose I (adsorption at around 3345, 1430, 1160, and 900 cm-1), few celluloses II (adsorption at around 1335, 1315, and 1280 cm-1 and a blue-shift of the number of waves from 1430 to around 1425 cm-1). The crystallinity index of BNCs obtained (58%) in this study was lower than standard BNC produced by Komagataeibacter xylinus (80%). Keywords: BNC, nanocellulose, packaging, sustainable Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Claudia Gadizza Perdani)

109	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-78
Preliminary Study of Short-Time Thermal Pretreatment Effect on Proximate Composition of Cocoa Pod Husk Powder Satria Bhirawa Anoraga1,2, Rosnah Shamsudin1,3*, Muhammad Hazwan Hamzah4,5, Suzannah Sharif6, Arifin Dwi Saputro7 1Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. *gs64978[at]student.upm.edu.my 2Department of Bioresources Technology and Veterinary, Vocational College, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia 3Institute of Plantations Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. 4Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia 5SMART Farming Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia 6Cocoa Innovation and Technology Centre, Malaysian Cocoa Board, Lot 12621, Nilai Industrial Area, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia 7Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia Abstract Cocoa pod husk (CPH) is a significant by-product, presenting both environmental challenges and being a valuable fiber source. This study aims to investigate the impact of a short-duration blanching pretreatment on the proximate composition of CPH powder and subsequently compare it with untreated CPH. The blanching process involves using hot water within a temperature range of 60-90 C for 2.5-12.5 seconds. The optimization of the pretreatment blanching is carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Central Composite Design (CCD), considering two independent variables, namely temperature (X1) and time (X2). The proximate composition of CPH is analyzed, and parameter optimization is facilitated using Minitab 16. ANOVA is performed with a confidence level of 95%. Results indicate that crude fiber is influenced by the linear effect of temperature (p < 0.05). The interaction between temperature and blanching time significantly affects protein (p > 0.05), while moisture and ash content remain unaffected by variations in temperature and blanching time. Optimal blanching conditions are identified at 79 C for 12.5 seconds, resulting in 36.19% crude fiber and 4.189% protein. Comparative analysis demonstrates that thermally pretreated CPH exhibits reduced ash and crude fiber content while yielding higher pectin levels compared to untreated CPH. Keywords: hot water, blanching, CPH, pretreatment, optimization Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Satria Bhirawa Anoraga)

110	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-88
Evaluation of Centella asiatica Essential Oil Based on Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation with Different of Solvents and Pre-Treatment Temperatures Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan*, Albrian Nanda Putra*, Ilma Maulida, Keisha Rama Putri, Hammam, Anang Lastriyanto, Inggit Kresna Maharih, Lailatul Maghfiroh Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, East Java, Indonesia Abstract Centella asiatica is a wild plant that contains bioactive components that are beneficial for the body. However, optimal exploration for the production of Centella asiatica essential oil still needs to be studied further in producing Centella asiatica essential oil with the best quality, as well as the extraction method and type of solvent used. This research examines the extraction results of Centella asiatica essential oil using the Microwave-Assisted Hydrodistillation method with several solvents such as water, ethanol, and n-hexane and the pretreatment temperature in the Centella asiatica drying process. Several parameters analyzed and evaluated the quality of Centella asiatica essential oil in this study including yield, density, chemical compound content, acid number, and ester number. Meanwhile, the analysis method used was ANOVA with a 2-factor randomized block design. Keywords: Centella asiatica, Essential Oil, Microwave Assisted Extraction, Solvents Extraction Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan)

111	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-89
The Effect of Different Ratios of Coatings and Crosslinking Materials on Microencapsulation of Centella Asiatica Essential Oil Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan*, Keisha Rama Putri*, Albrian Nanda Putra, Ilma Maulida, Hammam, Anang Lastriyanto, Inggit Kresna Maharih, Lailatul Maghfiroh Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, East Java, Indonesia Abstract The bioactive substances contained in Centella asiatica have excellent benefits for the health of the body. Therefore, the development of Pegagan essential oil in a form that is easy to consume will greatly help consumers. This study examines the effect of the comparison of coatings (gelatin, maltodextrin) and crosslinking agents (tween 80) on the results of microencapsulation of Centella asiatica essential oil using the complex coaservation method. Several parameters analyzed in this study included microcapsule size, microcapsule yield, chemical compound content, acid number, ester number, and solubility. The analytical method used for evaluation was ANOVA with a 2-factorial randomized block design. Keywords: Centella asiatica, Coating, Crosslinking Agent, Essential Oil, Microencapsulation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan)

112	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-91
The Effect of Different Emulsion Speed and Addition of Acetic Acid on Microencapsulation Results of Centella Asiatica Essential Oil Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan*, Ilma Maulida*, Albrian Nanda Putra, Keisha Rama Putri, Hammam, Anang Lastriyanto, Inggit Kresna Maharih, Lailatul Maghfiroh Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, East Java, Indonesia Abstract Centella asiatica essential oil has various benefits for the health of the body, including having antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Apart from being in the form of gel capsules, essential oils are generally encapsulated in the form of microcapsules. This research examines the yield of Centella asiatica essential oil microcapsules encapsulated by the complex coacervation method, where evaluation is carried out on the effect of the emulsion speed with the coating used and the addition of acetic acid in lowering the product pH. Several analytical parameters used include yield, microcapsule size, chemical compound content, acid number, ester number, and solubility. The ANOVA method was used in the evaluation process using a 2-factorial randomized block design. Keywords: Acetic Acid, Centella asiatica, Emulsion Speed, Essential Oil, Microencapsulation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sumardi Hadi Sumarlan)

113	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-96
Molecular Docking Comparative Analysis of Ascorbic Acid, Citric Acid, and Acetic Acid as Browning Inhibitors of Pineapple Fruit (Ananas comosus) Nareswari Nestiti (a*), Bambang Dwi Argo (a), Inggit Kresna Maharsih (a), Rini Yulianingsih (a) a) Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya Jalan Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia *nareswarin[at]student.ub.ac.id Abstract Pineapple (Ananas comosus) will turn into brownish color through a fruit maturity phase due to the browning reaction. Browning reaction is color changing process of food from its original color to a darker color by the presence of quinone compounds. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and Peroxidase (POD)- generally cause browning process in pineapple. Meanwhile- ascorbic acid, citric acid, and acetic acid proven as browning inhibitor compounds in food industry. Molecular docking simulations had not been carried out to determine the binding energy (&#8710-G) and inhibition constant (Ki) between PPO, PAL, or POD- with ascorbic acid, citric acid, and acetic acid as browning inhibitors in previous studies. Molecular docking carried out to determine the best interaction between ligands (ascorbic acid, citric acid, and acetic acid) and the receptor which represented by enzymes (PPO, PAL, POD) in this study. This research obtained the best type of browning inhibitor for each enzyme. The best browning inhibitor for POD enzymes is acetic acid with a &#8710-G value of -4.03 kcal/mol and a Ki of 1.103 mM. The best browning inhibitor for PAL enzymes is ascorbic acid with a &#8710-G value of -5.9 kcal/mol and a Ki of 0.047 mM. The best browning inhibitors for PPO enzymes were ascorbic acid and citric acid with &#8710-G value of -5.4 kcal/mol and a Ki of 0.109 mM. Ascorbic acid is the main inhibitor of PPO due to more bond interactions discovered compared to PPO and citric acid interactions. Keywords: Acetic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Citric Acid, Molecular Docking, Peroxidase (POD), Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nareswari Nestiti)

114	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-97
Molecular docking of Citric Acid And Ascorbic Acid with Polyphenol Oxydase Enzymes as Browning Inhibition in Apples (Malus sylvestris Mill.) Tifa Nur Jannah, Bambang Dwi Argo, Yusuf Wibisono Universitas Brawijaya Abstract The molecular docking method is a computational process used to predict the bond orientation between a ligand and a receptor. Molecular docking is performed to find a ligand that has a geometric and energetic fit to a protein site. The molecular docking process aims to determine the interaction between the ligand and the active site of the protein and to analyze the binding affinity, inhibition constant and geometric performance. The lowest inhibition constant and binding affinity values indicate a better and more stable bond form. An increasingly stable bond indicates that the acid (ligand) used is a good and correct ligand. One of the developments in the application of molecular docking is in the agricultural sector, especially in the post-harvest field. In this field, molecular docking can be applied to predict the browning prevention of fruit. Fruits that often experience browning are apples. Apples are fruits that often experience enzymatic browning reactions, namely the reaction of changing the color of the fruit to brown. The enzymatic browning reaction that occurs in apples occurs due to the presence of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzyme which is oxidized by oxygen. The browning process can be inhibited by adding weak acids such as citric acid and ascorbic acid. The browning prevention mechanism can be seen by the molecular method of docking. From the results of the molecular docking performed, it can be concluded that citric acid is a good compound to be used to prevent the browning process in apples with a binding affinity value of -4.18 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant of 0.87 mM. Keywords: Molecular docking, Citric Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Browning in Apples Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tifa Nur Jannah)

115	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-101
Energy and Cost Analysis of Chlorella vulgaris Harvesting by using Forward Osmosis and Ultrafiltration Membrane Processes Defghi Arsy Muhammad1, Inggit Kresna Maharsih1, Wahyunanto Agung Nugroho1, Yusuf Wibisono1,2,* 1 Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia- 2 MILI Institute for Water Research, Kawasan Industri Jababeka, Bekasi, Indonesia 17530 Email: y_wibisono[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Chlorella vulgaris is a microalga which rich of green pigment and widely used as a natural antioxidant. Harvesting of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae is normally employing chemicals by flocculation, yet require extensive chemicals. A more environmentally friendly approach was carried out by means of membrane technology, namely forward osmosis (FO) and ultrafiltration (UF) membrane processes. However, assessment of energy requirement and cost analysis of both processes is not previously conducted. The current study aims to determine the consumption of electrical energy and the cost of harvesting using these two methods. The flux test results in the FO membrane method produced the highest feed solution (FS) flux at a 5M concentration draw solution (DS) of 1735.3 LMH, then the highest DS flux was obtained at a DS concentration of 4.5M of 1930.4 LMH. The highest flux value in the UF membrane method was 4367.8 LMH. The highest RSF value was obtained at a DS concentration of 47386.7 GMH. The UF membrane method has the highest fouling of 0.32 grams. The highest fouling FO was 0.303 grams. For cell density tests, the highest biomass value in the FO membrane method was 10.8 mg/L. The biomass value of the UF membrane method was 9.13 mg L. The electrical energy consumption of the FO membrane method pump during harvesting was 136W. The UF membrane method requires 50.6W of electrical energy. The UF membrane method has a cheaper overall harvesting cost of 1.14 compared to the FO membrane method of 3.06 rupiah. Harvesting using the UF membrane method is more optimal in harvesting Chlorella vulgaris compared to the FO method in terms of higher flux values and the ability to compress biomass every minute and overall energy consumption cycle and lower cost. Keywords: Chlorella vulgaris, forward osmosis, energy, harvesting, microalgae, ultrafiltration Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yusuf Wibisono)

116	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-133
Physicochemical Characteristics of Wet and Dry Robusta Coffee Beans (Coffea canephora) from Lampung with Pineapple Juice Infusion Zada Agna Talitha (a), Amalia Wahyuningtyas (a), Masayu Nur Ulfa (a), Isnaini Rahmadi (a), Syahrizal Nasution (a), Desi Riana Saputri (b), Aulia Aisyah Wibowo (a), Hafizh Fadlin Zilqarnain (a), Elisabeth Silvia Erna Wati (a), Luthfi Dhiya Khairani (a), Adinda Putri (b), Bertha Nofitriana (b) a) Food Technology Department, Institute Technology of Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia b) Chemical Engineering Department, Institute Technology of Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia *Corresponding author: Zada Agna Talitha, Food Technology Lecturer, Food Technology Department, Institute Technology of Sumatera, Lampung, Indonesia E-mail : zada.talitha[at]tp.itera.ac.id Abstract Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) is one of the leading commodities in Indonesia. Lampung province is one of the largest coffee production centers in Indonesia with an area of 161,162 ha with production up to 133,243 tons. Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) has a lower acidity, bitter taste and higher caffeine content than other types of coffee. Therefore, it is necessary to add pineapple juice to robusta coffee. Pineapple juice contains the protease enzyme namely bromelain, which can break down protein compounds and help to release mucus on coffee beans, so it can improve the quality and taste of robusta coffee. The purpose of this study was to observe the physicochemical characteristics of wet and dry robusta coffee beans in Lampung with pineapple juice soaking. The type of coffee beans used were wet coffee beans from red cherry peeling and dry beans with two different qualities, namely commercial and fine robusta that have been through the drying process. This study used the method of soaking coffee beans with 80% pineapple extract for 32 hours then tested physically and chemically. Physical tests consisted of color while chemical tests include moisture content and pH. Data analysis used two-way ANOVA through SPSS software with an alpha value of 0.05. The results of the study showed that there was a significant effect (p <0.05) on the difference between soaking wet and dry beans on pH and moisture content values, while it did not have a significant effect (p> 0.05) on color. Chemical quality values in the form of pH of red cherry beans, fine robusta, and commercial are pH 5.4, pH 4.8, and pH 5.1 and moisture content of 10.6%, 9.5%, and 10%. The physical quality values of red cherry, fine robusta, and commercial in the form of color values are L of 46, 46.6, and 44, a of 1.55, 1.26, and 2, b values of 8.66, 8.63, and 7.69. The yield values of red cherry, fine robusta, and commercial are 38.7%, 96.6%, and 98.9%. Keywords: Physicochemical, Pineapple Juice, Robusta Coffee Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hafizh Fadlin Zilqarnain)

117	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-154
Changes in the Physico-chemical Properties of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Caused by the Loading of Kaempferol Nimatul Izza, Nozomi Watanabe, Hiroshi Umakoshi 1. Bioprocess Technology Study Program- Faculty of Agricultural Technology - Universitas Brawijaya 2. Division of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University email: izza_nimatul[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Products containing extracts of antioxidant compounds are prone to degradation. One strategy to overcome this problem is the use of lipid drug carriers, such as Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs). There have been many reports on the performance of NLCs for drug delivery systems, but no studies have looked at the effects of drug compounds on the physico-chemical properties of the lipid carrier from this perspective. This study aims to investigate the effect of kaempferol loading on the physico-chemical properties of NLC. The NLC used in this study consisted of 3 components: cetyl palmitate (CP), caprylic triglyceride (CaTG), and Tween 80 (T80). The research was carried out using several NLC compositions containing kaempferol compounds at certain concentrations. NLC was made by hot homogenization method. The physico-chemical properties of NLC such as particle size and distribution, zeta potential, fluidity, and polarity after loading were then observed. The results showed that kaempferol was not significantly affects the particle size, slightly increase the absolute zeta potential and polarity, and decrease the fluidity of the carriers. Knowledge on the changes in NLC properties due to the addition of kaempferol is useful for estimating the phase of NLC after loading. The phase is important in determining the appropriate drug delivery pathway for subsequent applications. Keywords: Kaempferol- Antioxidant Compound- Drug Loading- DDS- NLC Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nimatul Izza)

118	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-173
Pulsed Electric Field effects on Dayak Onion Extraction Vindhya Tri Widayati, Shafira Arini Sundari, Sukardi, Dodyk Pranowo Department of Agroindustrial Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl Veteran, Malang 65145 * vindhyawidayanti[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Dayak onions have medical potential due to their antibacterial and antioxidant content. Dayak onions are currently used by boiling, although this process can harm the beneficial components. As a result, PEF (Pulsed Electric Field) is required to aid in the extraction process. The purpose of this study was to obtain the optimal voltage and time of PEF treatment on Dayak onions by analyzed the yield, phenol content, antioxidant activity, amount of energy required, GC-MS analysis, and color analysis. The research was carried out by optimizing RSM with two factors, voltage (0.5-0.7 kV) and time (90-110 seconds), followed by extraction then verification and validation. The results showed that exposure to PEF with a voltage of 0.7 kV and a duration of 110 seconds on Dayak onion simplicia produced a yield of 12.98%, phenol content of 74.546 mg GAE/g sample, IC50 antioxidant activity of 5.368 ppm, and energy calculation of 2.69 kJ/ kg with a desirability value of 0.929. At the verification and validation stage it is also proven that the model is appropriate based on a difference of less than 5%. Furthermore, it is necessary to perform extraction with a higher PEF voltage range and duration. Keywords: Dayak Onion- Optimization- Pulsed Electric Field. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Shafira Arini Sundari)

119	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-192
Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Orthosiphon Stamineus (Misai Kucing) Using Deep Eutectic Solvent Incorporated with Assistive Extraction Techniques Yoke Shan Wong Department of Chemical Engineering, Sustainable Process Engineering Centre (SPEC), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia *wyokeshan[at]gmail.com Abstract Phenolic compounds are known to have a significant effect on human defense system due to their anti-inflammatory efficacy. This could slow down the aging process and strengthen human immune system. With the growing interest in phenolic compounds extraction, a medicinal herb that is widely found in South East Asia conturies, called Orthosiphon Stamineus, also commonly known as Misai Kucing or Java Tea, are utilized in this study to extract valuable phenolic compounds. In this study, we investigated extraction of phenolic compounds using choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents paired with four types of hydrogen bond donor (lactic acid, ethylene glycol, glycerol and urea) as the extraction of phenolic compounds has been geared towards a sustainable and green path with the use of environmentally benign solvents such as deep eutectic solvent (DES). Assistive extraction techniques such as microwave and ultrasound were incorporated with DES in order to minimize the extraction time and maximize the yield. All the DES used showed satisfactory extraction yield of phenolic compounds, as compared to 70 percent ethanol (conventional solvent). Choline chloride - ethylene glycol has exhibited the highest total phenolic content extraction regardless the extraction methods (microwave or ultrasound). Also, microwave-assisted extraction has greater impact on the phenolic compound extraction yield as compared to ultrasound-assisted extraction. Keywords: green extraction, deep eutectic solvent, phenolic compound, microwave-assisted extraction Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (YOKE SHAN WONG)

120	Food biotechnology and bioprocess engineering	ABS-200
Optimization Studies of Lactic Acid Production from Unused Biomass by Microorganisms Elya Mufidah1*, Mamoru Wakayama2 1 Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Veteran Street, 65145, Malang, East Java, Indonesia 2 Dept. of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525- 8577, Japan Email correspondence: elyamufidah1985[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This study divided into two main goals, the optimization of D and L lactic acid production. Optimization of these component factors was performed using the Taguchi method with an L8 orthogonal array. The first goal this study investigated optimization of D lactic acid production from unutilized biomass, specifically banana peel and corncob by multiple parallel fermentation (MPF) with Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Aspergillus awamori. The factors involved in MPF that were assessed in this study comprised banana peel and corncob, KH2PO4, Tween 80, MgSO4 7H2O, NaCl, yeast extract, and diammonium hydrogen citrate to identify the optimal concentration for D lactic acid production. The second goal this study investigated optimization of L lactic acid production from banana peel by multiple parallel fermentation (MPF) using Bacillus licheniformis and Aspergillus awamori. The factors studied in this study consist of banana peel, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Tween 80, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride, yeast extract, and ammonium sulfate for optimization of L lactic acid production. Thus, both banana peel and corncob are unutilized potential resources for lactic acid production. The result indicates that optimization of MPF could constitute part of a potential industrial application of the currently unutilized biomass. Keywords: Optimization- Lactic Acid- Unused biomass- Microbial Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Elya Mufidah)

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