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:: Abstract List ::
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| 181 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-155 |
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Characterization of Biochar from Various Carbon Sources
Hendrix Yulis Setyawan (a*), Nimas Mayang Sabrina Sunyoto (a), Yusron Sugiarto (b), Beauty Suestining Dyah Dewanti (a), Vindhya Tri Widayanti (a), Lukman Hakim (d), Syahrul Kurniawan (c), Gabryna Auliya Nugroho (c), Devy Ulandari (a), Annisa Choirun (e), Fasa Aditya Hanindipto (f), Shafira Arini Sundari (a), Ilham Akbar Pamungkas (a), Andhika Putra Agus Pratama (a)
a) Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia
*hendrix[at]ub.ac.id
b) Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia
c) Department of Soil Science, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia
d) Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia
e) Department of Agricultural Technology, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Indonesia
f) Indonesia Research Fertilizer Institute, PT Pupuk Indonesia (Persero), Indonesia
Abstract
Various types of carbon sources, including rice husk, corn cobs and bagasse sugarcane can be transformed into new material such as biochar. Biochar is a carbon rich material, by product of bioenergy generated through pyrolysis. A lot of studies have proven that biochar is a good soil amendment and can be used as a carrier for some elements of plant nutrition. The purpose of this study was to produce biochar with optimum characteristics including its moisture content, ash content, fixed carbon content, volatile matter, calorific value, particle size and its elemental analysis results. This study was conducted using a Randomized Group Design with three replications. Three carbon sources, rice husk (RH), corn cobs (CC), and Bagasse Sugarcane (BS) was pyrolised for 2 hours at temperature of 400 oC, 500 oC and 600 oC. The results of this study was the temperature of pyrolysis at 600 oC can optimally produce biochar with lowest moisture content, ash content and volatile matter value, and highest fixed carbon and calorific values. The particle size analysis shows that biochar produced using this optimum condition process has the smallest average particle size distribution. The elemental analysis conducted through SEM-EDX shows some various elements in each biochar produced from the three different carbon sources.
Keywords: Biochar- Carbon- Characterization
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| Corresponding Author (Hendrix Yulis Setyawan)
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| 182 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-157 |
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Enhanced removal of Indigo Carmine dye from textile effluent using coal fly ash and Its Modification: Adsorption, kinetics, and mechanisms
Mujaroh Khotimah (a*,b), Milna Kurniawati (b), Suprihanto Notodarmojo (b)
a) Environmental Engineering Study Program, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia 65145 *mujarohkhotimah[at]ub.ac.id
b) Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia 40132
Abstract
The release of Indigo Carmine into aquatic environments can lead to significant consequences for both aquatic ecosystems and human well-being. There is a growing desire to create environmentally friendly and efficient adsorbents for extracting harmful dyes from textile wastewater. This study proposed to investigate the potency of coal fly ash (FA) and its modification to remove IC dye in an aqueous solution. The modification included: (1) reacting FA with NaOH 3M solution (FA-NaOH), (2) Geopolymer, and (3) converting to zeolite A (FA-LTA). To identify physical and chemical changes during modification used analysis of XRF, XRD, SEM, BET, FTIR, CEC, and pHpzc methods. The effect of pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, and initial concentration of IC were studied in this research. Results showed the ability of IC dye adsorption by fly ash (FA)> FA-NaOH> Geopolymer> FA-LTA. Kinetics model analysis of IC dye adsorption towards all types of adsorbents was fitted well with a pseudo-second-order model, with adsorption rate constant (k2) values for FA, FA-NaOH, Geopolymer, and FA-LTA were 0,01149- 0,02359- 0,07402- and 0,07203 (g/mg. minute), respectively. The adsorption process fitted the Freundlich isotherm model with Freundlich constant value kinetic and 1/n being 0,148 mg/g (L/mg) and 0,7895, respectively.
Keywords: adsorption, indigo carmine, coal fly ash, geopolymer, zeolite A, freundlich model
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| Corresponding Author (Mujaroh Khotimah)
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| 183 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-169 |
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Use of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) for Treating Tofu Wastewater
Mirna Adji Pangestu*, Irnia Nurika, Sri Suhartini
Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
*mirnaadji17[at]student.ub.ac.id
Abstract
In Indonesia, tofu industry plays a significant role in economic development, with current number of 84,000 factories. These industries generated about 14.6 million kg of tofu dregs and 20 million L of wastewater annually, which remained untreated and disposed to nearby environment. Treating tofu wastewater, due to its high organic pollutants, is becoming priority to avoid water pollution. One of green approaches is adsorption using activated carbon derived from biomass, such as oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs). This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of OPEFB^s activated carbon as biosorbent in treating tofu wastewater. A randomized block design (RBD) was used, with two factors of activated carbon concentration (i.e., 0.6%, 1%, and 1.4% w/v) and contact time (i.e., 20, 40, and 60 minutes). Parameters evaluated before and after adsorption include chemical oxygen demand/COD, biological oxygen demand/BOD, total suspended solids/TSS, pH, turbidity, and total coliform. The results showed that treating tofu wastewater with 1.0% of OPEFB activated carbon for 20 minutes improved effluent quality by reducing concentration of COD, BOD, TSS, turbidity, and total coliform up to 78.6%, 81.46%, 75.8%, 74.6%, and 51.6%, respectively. The findings confirmed that OPEFB^s activated carbon is potential as biosorbent, yet optimization is still required.
Keywords: Adsorption- Biosorbent- Effluent Quality- Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches- Tofu Industry- Tofu Wastewater-
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| Corresponding Author (Mirna Adji Pangestu)
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| 184 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-174 |
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Biorefining of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFBs) into Biogas, Activated Carbon, and Organic Mulch: A Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis
Wika Aprinia*, Wike Agustin Prima Dania, Sri Suhartini
Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Veteran Street Malang, Ketawanggede, Lowokwaru District, East Java, Indonesia
*wikaaprinia[at]gmail.com
Abstract
Indonesia as a tropical country is rich in biomass resources, such as oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) from palm oil mills (POMs). Many studies have emphasized the valorization of OPEFB into high-value added products, including biogas, activated carbon, and organic mulch. This study aimed to conduct a techno-economic and environmental analysis to compare biorefining of biogas, activated carbon, and organic mulch from OPEFBs with the most profitable and minimum emissions. In this study, techno-economic analysis (TEA) was carried out to investigate the mass and energy balance, as well as net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), payback period, and benefit cost ratio (B/C Ratio). A life cycle assessment (LCA) was done for the environmental analysis using OpenLCA software with a cradle to gate approach. The TEA results showed that valorizing OPEFBs as co-production with one factory setting was more feasible than in mono-production system. LCA indicated that producing activated carbon from OPEFBs generated higher global warming potential (GWP) of 282.07 kg CO2-eq, while only 85.6 and 73.1 kg CO2-eq from production of organic mulch and biogas. The findings confirmed that valorizing OPEFBs may reduce carbon emission, however, in-depth study for practical implementation is suggested.
Keywords: Biorefinery- Global warming potential- Life cycle assessment- Oil palm empty fruit bunches- Techno-economic analysis
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| 185 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-176 |
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Orange Sky: A Comprehensive Analysis of Air Quality Degradation in Jakarta and its Environmental Implications
Dastino Putra Rendy Lovind
Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran Malang 65145 Indonesia
Abstract
The alarming degradation of air quality in Jakarta has reached a critical juncture, marked by the unsettling phenomenon of the sky taking on an orange hue. This abstract focuses on the dramatic visual manifestation of air pollution and its repercussions on the population. The presence of pollutants, including particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and other contaminants, has intensified to the extent that the sky^s color has visibly shifted. This unsettling transformation serves as a stark reminder of the dire state of air quality in the city. This phenomenon underscores the severe health risks faced by Jakarta^s residents. Prolonged exposure to such high levels of pollutants has been linked to a range of respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular problems, and other health complications. Vulnerable groups, particularly children and the elderly, bear the brunt of these risks. Urgent interventions are imperative to mitigate the emissions stemming from vehicular exhaust, industrial processes, and other sources contributing to this environmental crisis. The orange sky serves as a visceral representation of the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to combat air pollution in Jakarta. Effective regulatory measures, enhanced public transportation systems, and heightened awareness campaigns are pivotal in alleviating the health burden on the population. This abstract underscores the necessity for swift action to restore breathable air quality and protect the well-being of Jakarta^s inhabitants amidst this unprecedented environmental challenge.
Keywords: Keywords: Air pollution- Air quality- Health risks- Jakarta- Orange sky
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| Corresponding Author (Dastino Putra Rendy Lovind)
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| 186 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-177 |
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Positive Impact of Iron Addition in Biogas Production by Mesofilic Anaerobic Digestion Of Cheese Waste
Bintang Pamungkas*, Muthiah Mufidah, Muhammad Havis Maulana, Yusron Sugiarto
Program Study of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya
*Corresponding email: bintang_825[at]student.ub.ac.id
Abstract
This aims of study is understand the influence of cheese waste concentration and Iron (Fe) addition on biogas production. The culture containing Fe were placed into reactors with a working volume of 60 ml. The cultures were incubated at a temperature of 35 degree C and a pH of 7. The concentration of cheese waste used varied from 0 g to 50 g per L, while the ratio of Fe addition ranged from 0 to 3 g per L. Biogas production was measured daily using the volume displacement method, and the pH of the cultures was monitored before and after the experiment. The result showed that cheese waste concentration of 16.67 g per L produced the highest biogas yield by 1372 mL per L and biogas production rate by 253.62 mL per L per d. Moreover, addition of Fe by 2 g per L increased biogas production by 50.79 percent and biogas production rate by 20.27 percent.
Keywords: Biogas, Cheese Waste, Iron, pH
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| Corresponding Author (Yusron Sugiarto)
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| 187 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-178 |
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Utilization of Coffee Skin Waste Into Waste of Economic Value : Ecoenzyme to Help Increase The Creativity of Karang Werda Mandiri Community in Tirtoyudo Village, Tirtoyudo District, Malang Regency
Halimah Hamdani Rusdin (a*), Elvito Clarencza (b), Syahrani Azizah (c), Ulfiatul Malina (d), Raja Pratama (e), Muhammad Ghifari (f), Abyan Phedra (g), Silva Febiola (h), Agnessa Dena (i), M. Rifky Fauzan (j), Elya Mufidah (a)
a) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
*halimahmdnr[at]student.ub.ac.id
b) Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
c) Faculty of Economics and Business, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
d) Faculty of Cultural Studies, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
e) Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
f) Faculty of Computer Science, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
g) Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
h) Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
i) Faculty of Cultural Studies, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
j) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang 65113, Indonesia
Abstract
This poster presents a comprehensive study focusing on the conversion of coffee skin waste into economically valuable resources, specifically ecoenzymes, with the objective of fostering creative development within the Karang Werda Mandiri Community in Tirtoyudo Village, Malang Regency. The escalating volume of coffee waste poses environmental challenges, warranting innovative waste management solutions. This research explores the feasibility of utilizing coffee skin waste as a precursor for ecoenzyme production, emphasizing its economic potential. Furthermore, the initiative^s localized impact on the Karang Werda Mandiri Community, specifically in terms of enhancing creativity, is examined. By engaging in waste-to-value practices, the project strives to contribute to sustainable waste management while simultaneously empowering the community economically and creatively. The outcomes of this study provide insights into the multifaceted benefits of transforming coffee waste and offer practical implications for similar contexts seeking to amalgamate environmental and socioeconomic advancements.
Keywords: Coffee skin waste, Eco-enzyme, organic waste
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| 188 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-180 |
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Enhancing the Anaerobic Digestion Process through a Solar-Assisted Biodigesters (SABs) in Indonesian Farming
Nidaan Khofiya, Shadeka Putratama Fidya, Naufal Hilmiy Nizar Wahyudi
Universitas Brawijaya
Abstract
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1L9Pe9yP69Bf3aNJ-HhKa6UMud6h2-UxS?usp=sharing
Keywords: Anaerobic Digestion, Biogas, Solar-Assisted Digester, Waste to Energy
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| Corresponding Author (Nidaan Khofiya)
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| 189 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-189 |
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Utilization of Tofu Dregs as a Carbon Source in Alternative Growth Mediums of Lactobacillus plantarum with Concentration Factors of Tofu Dregs Flour
Sakunda Anggarini, Suprayogi, Sinta Rahma Fandini
Universitas Brawijaya
Abstract
Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) is a lactic acid bacterium that has the ability to produce lactic acid and is widely used in industry. An important factor in bacterial growth is the selection of a good and inexpensive medium. Tofu dregs are solid waste produced by the tofu industry and have the potential to be used as a carbon source in L. plantarum alternative medium as an energy source in growing and producing products. The results showed that tofu dregs could potentially be used as an alternative medium carbon source for L. plantarum due to the relatively high carbohydrate content of 73.17%. In the growth test, it was found that the treatment medium had an increase in OD600 and TPC almost the same as the control medium, and the specific growth rate was higher than the control medium. The pH value of the treatment medium showed a decrease, which meant that L. plantarum during the incubation period produced a metabolite product in the form of lactic acid, supported by data on an increase in TAT. So it was concluded that the use of tofu dregs as an alternative medium supports the growth of L. plantarum but does not produce high lactic acid products and the tofu dregs medium with the best concentration is in the 10% w/v treatment with an OD600 value of 1.30 and a TPC value of 1.54 log CFU/mL with a growth rate of 0.36h-1.
Keywords: alternative medium, carbon source, Lactobacillus plantarum, tofu dregs
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| Corresponding Author (Sinta Rahma Fandini)
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| 190 |
Waste and environmental management |
ABS-194 |
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Life cycle assessment of organic waste valorisation with black soldier fly larvae: A review
Riris Waladatun Nafiah*, Sri Suhartini, Nur Hidayat
Department of Agro-industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Abstract
Black soldier flies (BSF) or Hermetia illucens are recognized as valuable insects for reducing organic waste. BSF larvae (BSFL) could degrade organic waste, normally within 18 days. Nowadays, promoting BSF as platform technology in organic waste management is becoming a major focus in Indonesia. Although BSFL have many advantages, there are potential environmental impacts may arise from its application, particularly the global warming potential (GWP) from carbon emissions. This paper investigates the life cycle assessment of BSFL production - as part of organic waste valorisation for assessing the potential environmental impacts. A literature search was conducted on Emerald, Proquest, and Science Direct. Many studies have emphasized the use of LCA analysis using various software or database, including Simapro, OpenLCA, and the Ecoinvent. The results indicate that energy consumption contributes greatly to the overall environmental impacts. In BSFL production, pre-treatment to post-treatment of 1 tonne of organic waste may contribute to non-renewable energy consumption of > 200 MJ and GWP of > 24 kg CO2-eq.
Keywords: Environmental impacts- Hermetia illucens- life cycle assessment- organic waste
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