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1	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-7
Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Elements in Sand from Batakan Beach Laela Azizah, Sudarningsih Sudarningsih, Ibrahim Sota, Raghel Yunginger Department of Physics/Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, South Kalimantan, Indonesia Department of Physics/Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Indonesia Abstract Batakan Beach is a beach located in Panyipatan District, Tanah Laut Regency. The beach was inaugurated in 2019 by the Tourism Office and continues to be managed until now. The coast of the beach is surrounded by white to cream-colored sand. This study aims to determine the magnetic susceptibility value and heavy metal content in the sand of Batakan Beach, Panyipatan District, Tanah Laut Regency. This study was conducted at 1 location with 6 sample points on Batakan Beach using the environmental magnetism method with the Bartington MS2 susceptibility meter and X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The average magnetic susceptibility value ranged from 6 x 10^-6 m3/kg to 14.43 x 10^-6 m3/kg. Heavy metals contained in sand samples on Batakan Beach, several elements have passed the heavy metal threshold in sand at this location such as Al, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, and As. At this location, the correlation coefficient value varies at each point. Strong correlations are Fe, Al, Ni, Cr, Eu and Ti. Keywords: Magnetic proxy, heavy metal, beach, correlation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sudarningsih Sudarningsih)

2	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-269
ANALISIS PEMETAAN TINGKAT SAMBARAN PETIR MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING DI WILAYAH PROVINSI JAWA BARAT TAHUN 2024 Felicia Prakosa, Syafrima Wahyu, Wahyudi Nasrul Pratama 1) Universitas Negeri Jakarta 2) Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika Email: felisg47[at]gmail.com Abstract Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan tingkat kerawanan terhadap sambaran petir di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Barat pada tahun 2024 menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Analisis dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan dua komponen utama, yaitu tingkat ancaman dan tingkat kerentanan. Tingkat ancaman dihitung berdasarkan kerapatan sambaran petir yang diperoleh dari data jumlah sambaran per kabupaten dan luas wilayah, sementara tingkat kerentanan ditentukan dari kombinasi faktor kepadatan penduduk dan penggunaan lahan bangunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Bogor dan Purwakarta memiliki tingkat kerawanan tertinggi, sedangkan Kabupaten Garut dan Tasikmalaya termasuk dalam kategori kerawanan rendah. Metode SAW terbukti efektif dalam mengintegrasikan beberapa parameter untuk menentukan tingkat kerawanan suatu wilayah terhadap sambaran petir. Temuan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam mitigasi risiko petir, perencanaan tata ruang, serta pengambilan keputusan dalam upaya peningkatan keselamatan masyarakat di wilayah rawan petir. Keywords: sambaran petir, Jawa Barat, SAW, kerawanan, pemetaan Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Felicia Prakosa)

3	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-282
ANALISIS PEMETAAN TINGKAT SAMBARAN PETIR MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING DI WILAYAH JAKARTA PADA TAHUN 2024 M. Ignatia Evrita Setiawati *a), Fachriza Fathan a), Wahyudi Nasrul Pratama b) a) Program Studi Fisika, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Jakarta b) Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) *Email : ignatiaevrita13[at]gmail.com Abstract Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat kerawanan sambaran petir di wilayah DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2024 menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan tiga kriteria utama, yaitu jumlah sambaran petir tipe Cloud-to-Ground (CG), kepadatan penduduk, dan luas lahan terbangun. Kelima wilayah administratif DKI Jakarta-Jakarta Pusat, Jakarta Utara, Jakarta Barat, Jakarta Timur, dan Jakarta Selatan-diberi skor berdasarkan data kuantitatif yang telah dinormalisasi dan dibobotkan masing-masing sebesar 0,5, 0,3, dan 0,2. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa Jakarta Pusat memiliki nilai preferensi tertinggi, disusul oleh Jakarta Utara dan Jakarta Barat, yang menunjukkan tingkat kerawanan petir yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan wilayah lainnya. Sebaliknya, Jakarta Selatan tercatat memiliki tingkat kerawanan paling rendah. Hasil akhir divisualisasikan dalam bentuk peta tematik menggunakan perangkat lunak QGIS sebagai dasar untuk strategi mitigasi risiko sambaran petir di kawasan urban padat penduduk. Keywords: Sambaran petir, DKI Jakarta, metode SAW, mitigasi risiko Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (M. Ignatia Evrita Setiawati)

4	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-303
ANALISIS KUALITAS DATA VARIASI MAGNET BUMI MENGGUNAKAN METODE INTER-COMPARISON DI OBSERVATORIUM SERANG TAHUN 2024 Azril Maulana Gibran* a) Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jalan Rawamangun Muka, Jakarta Timur 13220, Indonesia azrilmln21[at]gmail.com b) Geomagnetic Observatory, Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) Jalan Angkasa I No.2, Kemayoran, Jakarta 10720, Indonesia Abstract Indonesia, with its high geophysical activity, is vulnerable to changes in the Earth^s magnetic field that can affect technology and safety. Magnetic field data are now used not only to monitor geomagnetic variations but also as earthquake precursors and in oil and gas exploration. Therefore, data quality is crucial to ensure accurate data processing results. This Field Work Practice (PKL) was conducted at the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), the only official government institution managing geomagnetic observations in Indonesia, with a focus on analyzing the quality of geomagnetic variation data using the inter-comparison method at the Serang Observatory during 2024. This study evaluates the baseline stability of the Earth^s magnetic field components X, Y, Z, and H by comparing data from LEMI (IAGA) and GEA (IAGA_GEA) instruments. The analysis includes validating the completeness of daily data from both instruments, identifying potential mismatches or offsets, and examining data stability after instrument drift correction. The results are expected to provide insights into the consistency and reliability of data from the two types of sensors used at the Serang Observatory, ultimately supporting the accuracy of BMKG^s geomagnetic data for various applications, including disaster mitigation and geophysical research. Keywords: Geomagnetic data, data quality, inter-comparison, Serang Observatory, BMKG, baseline stability, disaster mitigation, geophysical research. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Azril Maulana Gibran)

5	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-60
A Study of the Variability of H\(\alpha\) Emission Line Parameters in \(\pi\) Aqr as a Be Star Taufieq Zannata Ramadhan (a*), Aprilia (b) Astronomy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Abstract B-emission (Be) star is a B type star which shows emission line in its spectrum, especially H\(\alpha\), caused by the disk surrounding it. One of the Be stars, \(\pi\) Aqr, is a binary Be star in constellation Aquarius which shows variability of double peak H\(\alpha\) emission line caused by the disk around the primary component. We aim to study physical phenomenon which occurred in the disk of \(\pi\) Aqr star based on its spectral data from 2004 to 2024, retrieved from Bess database, by analyzing the variability of its H\(\alpha\) emission line parameters: the Violet-to-Red peak ratio (V/R), emission-to-continuum ratio (E/C), Equivalent Width (EW), Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), and peak separation. The variation of V/R ratio from 2004 to 2019 shows period of 84.1 days which corresponds with orbital period of the binary system, indicating binary system plays a direct role in the shape of the disk. The EW and E/C increase, indicating rising disk activity until 2024. Peak separation roughly suggests expansion in H\(\alpha\) region in the disk. However, we found that in 2024, the V/R variability shows longer period which disagrees with the previous data. Therefore, we need further spectrum data to confirm this. Keywords: Be star, \(\pi\) Aqr, Spectrum Variability, Line Parameter Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Taufieq Zannata Ramadhan)

6	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-65
Identification of Natural Asphalt (Asbuton) Using the Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method Budy Santoso (a*), Bambang Wijatmoko (a) a) Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Jl. Ir. Soekarno Km.21, Jatinangor 45360, Sumedang, Indonesia *santoso[at]unpad.ac.id Abstract The deterioration of main roads in Indonesia is often attributed to the poor performance of petroleum-based asphalt under extreme temperatures, which can reach up to 50 C in tropical environments. This type of asphalt tends to deform or peel under such conditions, particularly during peak daytime hours. In response to this issue, Buton natural asphalt (AsButon), sourced from Buton Island, presents a viable alternative due to its superior thermal resistance, maintaining structural integrity at temperatures up to 60 C. To optimize the utilization of AsButon, a comprehensive exploration and resource inventory is required. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), a widely used geophysical method for shallow subsurface investigations, is proposed for delineating AsButon deposits. AsButon demonstrates a distinct resistivity signature lower than surrounding lithologies such as limestone and sandstone, yet higher than clay making it a suitable target for ERT based detection. Accordingly, ERT offers a non-invasive, efficient, and reliable approach for detecting and characterizing AsButon deposits, contributing to the sustainable development and exploitation of natural asphalt resources in Indonesia. Keywords: AsButon- Electrical Resistivity Tomography- Sandstone Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (budy santoso)

7	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-91
Estimating Seeing Values From Various Refractive Index Structure Parameter Models at Maunakea, Hawaii Bayu Septiadi (a*), Anton Timur Jaelani (b,c,d) a) Astronomy Master Program, FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia. b) Astronomy Research Group and Bosscha Observatory, FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia. c) U-CoE AI-VLB, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia. d) University Center of Excellence for Space Science, Technology and Innovation, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia. Abstract Astronomical seeing is the disturbance of astronomical images due to atmospheric turbulence, which affects the quality of astronomical observations through telescopes. Evaluation of seeing conditions is important in observatory site selection, but observations are in situ and limited to certain areas. This study utilizes ERA5 reanalysis data in the form of wind speed at various atmospheric layers (110.9 m to 32,400 m) to model seeing indirectly. By applying the Hufnagel-Valley model, the wind speed profiles are converted into the structure of atmospheric refractive index (C_n^2) and Fried parameter (r_0), which represent the magnitude of seeing. The analysis results show that wind speed variations between atmospheric layers have a significant correlation to the degradation of seeing quality. This approach has the potential to be an alternative method in identifying ideal observatory locations based on global atmospheric data. Keywords: Seeing- Atmospheric Turbulence- ERA5- Refractive Index- Fried Parameter Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bayu Septiadi)

8	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-101
Optimization Residual Network for Spiral Galaxy Spin Direction Classification Hafiz Indra Arwinata (a*), Sultan Hadi Kusuma (a), Anton Timur Jaelani (b) a) Astronomy Study Program, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia * 20324002[at]mahasiswa.itb.ac.id b) Astronomy Research Group and Bosscha Observatory, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Abstract Spiral galaxies are identified as Z-spiral or S-spiral based on their spin directions. This spin direction relates to the galaxy formation. Hence, the distribution between Z-spiral and S-spiral galaxies offers significant insights into galaxy formation and evolution. Recently, large survey programs, such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Imaging Survey and Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP), have been providing huge amounts of high-quality data on galaxies. Hence, the galaxy morphology classification cannot be done conventionally by visual inspection, and machine learning plays a prominent role in this classification process. This study investigates the use of Residual Network (ResNet) for classifying spiral galaxies using data from the DESI and HSC SSP. We use the ResNet-34 model by using a data augmentation procedure based on several criteria during the training process. This architecture model achieves a robust accuracy of up to 90% in the data testing process. This performance shows great potential for large-scale galaxy surveys, where conventional methods of visual inspection are ineffective. Keywords: Spiral galaxies, Galaxy spin direction, Machine learning, Galaxy classification Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hafiz Indra Arwinata)

9	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-110
Correlation Analysis of Solar Radiation and Cloud Parameters: A Case Study at Jambi Climatological Station Using Ground Observation and Reanalysis Data Ariffudin(a*), Ardhasena Sopaheluwakan(b), Prawito Prajitno(a), Naufal Ananda(c), Supriyanto Ardjo Pawiro(a) a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia b)Climatology Department, Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics, Jakarta, Indonesia c)Instrumentation and Calibration Division, Region II of Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency, Banten, Indonesia *ariffudin[at]bmkg.go.id Abstract Accurate quantification of solar radiation is essential for renewable energy planning and climate research. Automatic Solar Radiation System (ASRS) offers direct measurements of Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI), Diffuse Horizontal Irradiance (DHI), and Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI). Spatial reanalysis Data products such as Solcast provide valuable data for regions lacking ground-based observations. Surface solar radiation is significantly influenced by atmospheric cloud properties, particularly cloud cover, as measured from ground observations, and cloud opacity derived from reanalysis data. This study analyses statistical relationship between solar radiation observation parameters obtained from ASRS, Solcast , cloud cover and cloud opacity. Data used were hourly observations in 2023 at the Jambi Climatological Station. Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation, and partial correlation analyses were used to determine linear and nonlinear dependencies between variables. The results showed that GHI, DNI, and DHI parameters obtained from ASRS and Solcast exhibited highest correlation of 0.72 using Pearson and 0.70 using Spearman. At the same time, cloud cover observed in ground observation and cloud opacity of Solcast also showed a significant relationship with Pearson of 0.67 and Spearman of 0.69. Partial correlation analysis, controlling for cloud effects, revealed a strong intrinsic relationship between GHI and DHI from ASRS at 0.76 and GHI and DHI in Solcast reanalysis data at 0.72, indicating an important relationship between global radiation components and diffuse radiation. These results highlight fundamental interconnection between global radiation components and diffuse radiation. These findings highlight critical role of cloud conditions in modulating surface solar radiation and confirm value of reanalysis products for solar resource assessment and operational forecasting, particularly in cloudy regions such as Jambi, Indonesia. Integrating surface observations with reanalysis data enhances the reliability of solar radiation modelling. It supports the development of more effective forecasting strategies for energy and climate applications in regions with similar climatic characteristics. Keywords: ASRS, Cloud Cover, Cloud Opacity, Correlation, DHI, DNI, GHI, Ground, Observation, Solar Radiation, Solcast, Reanalysis Data Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Naufal Ananda)

10	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-126
Pre-selection of Globular Clusters for Detecting Intermediate-Mass Black Holes via Microlensing Fatimah Zahra(1), Anton Timur Jaelani (2,3,4) 1) Astronomy Master Program, FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 2) Astronomy Research Group and Bosscha Observatory, FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 3) U-CoE AI-VLB, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia 4) University center of Excellence for Space Science, Technology and Innovation, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia Abstract Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are the key to understanding the formation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), that are typically found in centers of massive galaxies. In general definition, IMBHs are black holes masses ranging from 10^2M_\odot to 10^5M_\odot. Black hole seeding theory suggests that IMBHs formed at high redshifts (z \geq 10) through gravitational collapse of Population III stars, direct collapse of protogalaxy clouds, or stellar collisions inside high-density clusters. These IMBHs evolve into SMBHs through accretion and mergers. However, not all of these IMBHs are successful in forming SMBH. Those that fail are hypothesized to be observable in the local universe, particularly in globular clusters and dwarf galaxies. IMBHs have yet to be definitively detected, however several strong candidates have been located in the cores of globular clusters. This study describes the early selection of globular cluster candidates, with aim to look further into the possibility of detecting IMBHs via microlensing. We choose globular clusters located near the direction of the Galactic Center. The selection process was based on several criteria including mass, magnitude of cluster member stars and extinction. We also calculate number of background stars. Eleven globular cluster candidates were selected by this process: Pal 6, NGC 6440, Djorg 2, NGC 6540, NGC 6544, NGC 6553, NGC 6626, NGC 6638, NGC 6642, NGC 6656 and NGC 6717. Keywords: Intermediate-mass black hole, globular cluster, microlensing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Fatimah Zahra)

11	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-131
Soil Physicochemical Properties and Magnetic Grain Morphology of The Batujaya Archaeological Site Dini Fitriani, Eleonora Agustine, Annisa Eka Oktariani Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Abstract The Batujaya archaeological site, located in Karawang, is one of the oldest archaeological sites in Indonesia. Anthropogenic activities in and around the area may alter the soil characteristics. This study investigated several physicochemical properties of soils within and outside the site, including bricks used in the site^s structures. Notably, soils inside the site exhibited lower magnetic susceptibility (chiLF) values compared to those outside, while bricks showed higher chiLF values than soils. All samples had chiLF values above 10 x 10-8 m3kg-1, indicating the dominance of ferrimagnetic minerals. Bivariate analysis revealed a positive correlation between chiLF and chiFD (%) for soils within the site, suggesting pedogenic magnetic minerals, whereas soils outside the site showed a negative correlation, implying anthropogenic sources. The electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and pH of the soils ranged from 50-2080 uS/cm, 44-1746 mg/L, and 4.6-10.1, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed magnetic grains with hedral and spherule shapes, featuring various surface textures. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis showed that the samples were dominated by aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe). Moreover, arsenic (As) and tin (Sn) were detected in soils within the site but not in those outside. Keywords: magnetic susceptibility, Batujaya, physicochemical properties, magnetic mineral, archaeology Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dini Fitriani)

12	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-132
Fuzzy Logic-Based Classification of Crescent Moon Images Using Brightness and Thickness Parameters Yudhiakto Pramudya, Kartika Firdausy, Adi Jufriansah, Okimustava, Itsnaini Irvina Khoirunnisa, Bayu Krisna Murti, Rihmah Alifah Hidayah, Murinto Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Maumere Abstract Accurate observation of the crescent moon holds significant importance in both astronomical research and calendrical determinations, such as the Islamic lunar calendar. However, detecting the thin crescent under bright sky conditions remains a challenging task due to its low contrast and subtle visual features. This study presents a novel fuzzy logic-based approach for classifying the visibility of crescent moon images obtained at the Observatorium Universitas Ahmad Dahlan (UAD). The methodology involves image preprocessing and fuzzification based on two key perceptual parameters: brightness and arc thickness. Brightness is categorized into low, medium, and high, while thickness is classified as thin, medium, and thick. A fuzzy inference system, developed in Python, is employed to evaluate and classify the images using triangular membership functions. The defuzzification process determines the visibility status of the crescent moon in one of three categories: not visible, maybe visible, and highly visible. Based on the analysis of 61 crescent moon images, 18 were classified as not visible, 11 as maybe visible, and 32 as highly visible. These results represent an important step toward the development of image recognition procedures using machine learning. Such recognition is essential for assessing crescent moon visibility under challenging daylight conditions and contributes to enhancing observational consistency in crescent moon detection for both calendrical and astronomical purposes. Keywords: crescent moon, fuzzy logic, image processing, astronomical observations Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yudhiakto Pramudya)

13	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-143
Analysis of the Relationship Between Microtremor Dominant Frequency and Topographic Features Bambang Wijatmoko, Hendarmawan, dan Yudi Rosandi Universitas Padjadjaran Abstract The relationship between surface topography and dominant frequency obtained from microtremor measurements offers valuable insight into seismic site conditions. This study aims to analyze how variations in topographic features influence the spatial distribution of dominant frequencies. Microtremor data were collected across multiple points with diverse topographic settings, including ridges, slopes, and valleys. The Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method was employed to determine the fundamental frequency at each measurement point. The results show a clear trend: valley areas tend to exhibit higher dominant frequency values, while lower values are associated with ridge-like features. This suggests that topographic configuration may play a significant role in the amplification and resonance behavior of seismic waves, likely due to variations in subsurface sediment geometry induced by surface morphology. The findings highlight the potential of using microtremor analysis as a rapid and non-invasive tool to assess subsurface conditions and their relationship to surface features. This approach can contribute to better seismic hazard assessment and land use planning, especially in areas where detailed geotechnical data are not available. Keywords: Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Bambang Wijatmoko)

14	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-159
Spatio Temporal Monitoring of Land Surface Temperature in Rubber and Oil Palm Plantations: A Google Earth Engine-Based Analysis Nurlina*, Ichsan Ridwan, Ibrahim Department of Physics, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat *nurlina_abdullah[at]ulm.ac.id Abstract Land conversion to rubber and oil palm plantations impacts local Land Surface Temperature (LST). This study aimed to monitor spatio temporal LST changes in rubber and oil palm plantations in Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan, using Google Earth Engine (GEE). Objectives included comparing LST between these plantations and forests, and examining LST vegetation relationships. The methodology involved processing Landsat satellite imagery via GEE to extract LST and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Results typically indicate that conversion of forests to both oil palm and rubber plantations consistently resulted in increased LST. Forests exhibited the lowest LST, followed by rubber plantations, then mature oil palm, with young oil palm plantations showing the highest LST increases (up to 3.4 oC warmer than forests for young oil palm). Over a 20 years period in Tanah Laut regency, an average daytime surface temperature increase of 1.05 oC was observed, linked to land cover changes. A negative correlation between LST and NDVI is commonly observed, signifying that denser vegetation is associated with lower temperatures. In conclusion, plantation development elevates LST. This research provides crucial data for sustainable land management and climate adaptation strategies in Tanah Laut, highlighting the thermal consequences of specific agricultural LULCC. Keywords: Suhu Permukaan Lahan- Perkebunan Karet- Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit- Google Earth Engine- Perubahan Tutupan Lahan Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurlina Abdullah)

15	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-160
Preliminary Results: P-wave Seismic Tomography Beneath of Java Subduction Zone, Indonesia Mia Uswatun Hasanah, Sinta Caenur Winusda, Deanne Ardelia Zahrani, Difa Mutafawwiqoh, Arya Samudera Geophysical Department, Faculty of Math and Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45361, Indonesia. Abstract Java Island, a volcanic island in Indonesia, is shaped by the movement of tectonic plates beneath it. The complex process of subduction beneath Java Island, involving the Indo-Australian Plate being forced beneath the Eurasian Plate, results in frequent volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. This movement creates immense pressure and friction, leading to seismic activity. The history of past earthquakes and tsunamis near Java Island serves as a reminder of the devastating potential of tectonic activity in the region. The people of Java are accustomed to living with the constant threat of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes, but also appreciate the beauty and resources it brings. Efforts to monitor and predict potential seismic events are being made to improve disaster preparedness in Java and surrounding regions. This study uses ISC-EHB catalogue data recorded in the 1964-2018 period which has 28,545 earthquake events recorded by 512 earthquake recording stations consisting of 590,880 phase P. Resolution testing with various speed grids shows that the resolution is medium with a size of 100 km x 100 km x 100 km provides the most optimal results in the inversion process. The tomographic inversion results provide a good overview of the subsurface structures in the Earth^s crust and mantle to a depth of 450 km below the Java. There is a high velocity anomaly up to a depth of 300 km which is possibly related to the subduction of the Java More detailed subsurface information from this research can be used as input for mapping disaster-prone areas to help support disaster mitigation in the area. Keywords: Java, Tomography, ISC-EHB data. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mia Uswatun Hasanah)

16	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-162
Investigation of Deep Aquifers in the Catchment Area of Haruman Peak, Malabar Mountains, Using the Audio-Magnetotelluric (AMT) Method Asep Harja1), Shofie Dzakia Hanifah2), Nabilah Rahmawati2), Nabila Putri Kusumah2), G. M. Lucki Junursyah3), Kusnahadi Susanto1) 1)Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor, 45363 2}Program Study of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor, 45363 3Center for Geological Survey, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Jl. Diponegoro No.57, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40115, Indonesia Abstract Haruman Peak, located in the Malabar Mountains in the southern region of the Bandung Basin, plays a significant role as a recharge area for the Bandung-Soreang Groundwater Basin. This recharge function is supported by the area^s dense vegetation, high rainfall, and steep slopes that direct surface water toward the basin. Previous studies using the DC-resistivity method identified a shallow aquifer in the Puncak Haruman area at depths of less than 40 meters. This study aims to explore the presence of deeper aquifers using the Audio-Magnetotelluric (AMT) method. AMT data acquisition was carried out at six measurement points located in the northern section of a suspected fault zone. The data were processed through 1D inversion to produce resistivity models, which were interpreted to determine subsurface lithology and identify aquifer layers. The results indicate that the subsurface of the Haruman Peak area consists of soil, Malabar-Tilu Volcanics (Qmt), and Waringin-Bedil Andesite of the Old Malabar Formation (Qwb). Aquifer layers were identified with resistivity values ranging from 5 &#937-m to 308 &#937-m, at various depths: MB-02 (805 m), MB-03 (97 m), MB-04 (1,456 m), MB-05 (140 m, 459 m, and 2,080 m), and MB-06 (530 m). It is inferred that deep aquifers at MB-03, MB-05, and MB-06 contribute significantly to groundwater in the southern Bandung Basin. Keywords: Deep Aquifer, Audio Magnetotelluric, Haruman Peak, Bandung Basin Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asep Harja)

17	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-168
Preliminary Study on Magnetic Anomaly Analysis in Parongpong, West Java, Indonesia: Implications for Landslide Risk Mitigation Anggie Susilawati, Eleonora Srigutomo, Dini Fitriani, Kartika Hajar Kirana, Mia Uswatun Hasanah, Kusnahadi Susanto, Budy Santoso Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Abstract Parongpong, West Java, Indonesia, lies within moderate to high landslide zones due to its steep volcanic topography, active tectonic setting, and extreme rainfall patterns. This preliminary study integrates magnetic anomaly analysis with regional geological data to identify subsurface factors contributing to slope instability. Ground-based magnetic surveys were conducted across moderate to high-risk zones, comprising 82 measurement stations. Areas with low magnetic anomalies indicate a correlation between subsurface weathering and potential landslide triggers. The study demonstrates the utility of magnetic surveys as a preliminary tool for landslide hazard mapping, providing actionable insights for land-use planning and early-warning systems. Further integration of geotechnical and hydrological data is recommended to enhance risk assessment models. Keywords: Magnetic anomaly, landslide area, Parongpong Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Anggie Susilawati)

18	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-175
Geometrical Influence on the Orthogonal Ratio of the Earth Ambient Vibration Evaluated by Particle Dynamics Method Hanum Fazah Aditya Kusuma Wardani (a*), Yudi Rosandi a) Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Ir. Soekarno, Km. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency, 45363, West Java, Indonesia *) hanum24001[at]mail.unpad.ac.id b) Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Ir. Soekarno, Km. 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency, 45363, West Java, Indonesia Abstract Ground vibration signals recorded by low-frequency multi-channel geophones provide information about the physical characteristics of a medium. Using the passive seismic method, vibrations are measured in three channels: horizontal and vertical directions. Since the characteristics of mediums, such as sediment thickness and soil hardness, are contained in low-amplitude ambient vibrations, further data selection is required to remove spikes in the signals induced by active sources. This work is necessary to reveal the characteristics that reflect the medium^s physical condition from the signal. Conventionally, signal processing is based on the Horizontal-to-Vertical Signal Ratio (HVSR) calculation. The information obtained, such as sediment thickness and sub-surface shear velocity (vs30), as well as the amplification factor and seismic vulnerability, are crucial for geotechnical applications. This data can be extracted from HVSR analysis. However, a complete understanding of the complex vibration signal shape related to the medium and geological conditions is not fully understood. To gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism, numerical modeling is performed using a particle dynamics method. The vibration pattern of chosen particles on the surface is studied, and its relation to the geometry of the fixed base region is investigated. The simulation results show systematic changes in signal form when processed with a similar HVSR method as a response to the shape of the fixed base. Keywords: Horizontal-to-Vertical Signal Ratio- Shear wave velocity- Particle dynamics modeling Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hanum Fazah Aditya Kusuma Wardani)

19	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-190
Prediction of X-ray solar flare based on active region evolution Santi Sulistiani, Tiar Dani Research Center for Space, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Abstract Accurate, timely warnings of solar flares are vital for safeguarding satellites, power grids, and HF communications. We develop a supervised machine-learning classifier that predicts, 24-hours in advance, whether an active region will produce a C-, M-, X-class flare or remain quiet, by ingesting two-day time-series of heliographic longitude, McIntosh and magnetic classifications, area and spot count. Trained on January 1998-June 2018 events and validated on an independent July 2018-March 2025 set, the model reaches 66.5% overall accuracy (precision = 0.70, recall = 0.66, F1 = 0.68). Skill is highest for the dominant no-flare class (F1 = 0.82) but drops for rarer M (F1 = 0.26) and X (F1 = 0.13) flares, reflecting severe class imbalance. These results benchmark the current limits of feature-based flare forecasting and motivate future work on balanced training strategies and physics-informed predictors to improve detection of high-impact events. Keywords: solar flare- prediction- space weather- machine learning Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Santi Sulistiani)

20	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-194
INVESTIGATION OF SUBSURFACE STRUCTURE OF SERUT TEMPLE USING RESISTIVITY METHOD (PSEUDO 3D) Utami Amalia Putri1*, Eleonora Agustine2, Dini Fitriani2, Fina Nurfaradila1 1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran 2. Department of Geophysics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran Abstract The DC resistivity method is a subsurface investigation method that can identify subsurface temple structures without excavation. This research aims to obtain the subsurface structure at Serut Temple in Batujaya Temple Area, Karawang, West Java, using geoelectric method.The DC resistivity measuring instrument used in this research is Marcapada with 48 electrodes and 0.5 m spacing between electrodes. The Wenner configuration geoelectric method was used to identify the subsurface layer and the buried temple structure in the study area. Measurements were made on 9 passes with a track length of 23.5 m. The results showed a resistivity value range of 6 &#937-m - 17.9 &#937-m which is suspected to be a temple structure. Then for resistivity 3 &#937-m - 6 &#937-m as sandy loam, and resistivity1 &#937-m - 3 &#937-m is thought to be a layer with high water content. The estimated depth of the temple structure is 1 m - 3.21 m. The 3D reconstruction results show that the alleged structures on the L3, L4, and L5 trajectories have a continuous projection from northwest to southeast. This is in accordance with the Batujaya National Cultural Area Zoning Report by the Director General of Culture that the Batujaya Temple building faces northeast. Based on this finding, it is possible that the temple structure is part of the wall of the temple building, this wall is a continuation of the Serut Temple structure. Keywords: Archaeological Site, Batujaya Temple, Geoelectric, Resistivity Value, Wenner Configuration Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Utami Amalia Putri)

21	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-196
Dimensionality analysis of Magnetotelluric Data in 3D synthetic model representing a reservoir of Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) Nurhasan1*, Andika Pratama1, Gita Amelia Marianto Limbong1, Wahyu Srigutomo1, Enjang Jaenal Mustopa1, Bagus Endar B. Nurhandoko1 Bandung Institute of Technology Abstract Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is one of the key climate change mitigation technologies aimed at capturing carbon dioxide (CO&#8322-) emissions from fossil fuel power plants and heavy industries, followed by secure long-term storage in deep geological formations. One of the keys to the successful implementation of CCS strongly depends on the geological characteristics of the subsurface, including lithology, porosity, permeability, and fluid content, to ensure sufficient storage capacity and long-term containment of the injected CO&#8322-. Previous studies have employed gravity and seismic methods to characterize storage formations- however, these methods often face limitations in in detecting parameter having contrast caused by fluid saturation changes following CO&#8322- injection. To address these limitations, this study utilizes the Magnetotelluric (MT) method, an electromagnetic geophysical technique capable of probing several kilometres below the surface and sensitive to resistivity variations associated with fluid saturation changes, making it highly suitable for CCS applications in Indonesia. This research incorporates dimensionality analysis of MT data to analyse the characterization of the CCS reservoir model. The analysis involves calculating dimensionality parameters such as phase tensors, tipper vectors, skewness values, and strike directions to determine subsurface structural complexity and validate the appropriateness of 1D, 2D, or 3D structure, using Python-based processing. Furthermore, changes in resistivity due to CO&#8322- injection are evaluated using a modified Archie^s Law, considering the supercritical conditions of CO&#8322- at depths exceeding 800 meters. The results demonstrate that the MT method is effective in identifying potential CO&#8322- storage zones and is highly sensitive to resistivity variations due to fluid saturation changes, including those induced by CO&#8322- injection. Keywords: Carbon Capture Storage, Resistivity, Magnetotelluric Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurhasan Nurhasan)

22	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-197
ANALYSIS OF LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY ZONES POST-2022 CIANJUR EARTHQUAKE BASED ON 2D RESISTIVITY MODELING AND AIUDIO MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA Nurhasan-Sparisoma Viridi-Iradati Zahra-Dini Fitriani-Andika Pratama-Gita Amelia-Nipta Dwi Setyo Risky-Indriyati-Bagus Endar-Enjang Jaenla Mustopa-Wahyu Srigutomo Bandung Institute of Technology Abstract The 2022 Cianjur earthquake caused severe damage, including significant landslides in Cijedil Village, Cugenang District, Cianjur Regency. This study aims to identify the slip plane as one of the factors triggering landslides using the Wenner-Schlumberger configuration of the geoelectric resistivity method. Additionally, this study models the landslide susceptibility zoning in Cianjur Regency through a geospatial approach based on probabilistic statistics using the frequency ratio method. This method is used to analyze the relationship between causative parameters and historical landslide occurrences to generate a more accurate landslide susceptibility map. The results of geoelectric analysis from three survey lines on the Cijedil slope indicate that the slip plane depth ranges from 5 to 15 meters. This depth data is then integrated as one of the parameters in the frequency ratio modeling to improve the accuracy of landslide susceptibility zoning. This approach introduces a novelty in susceptibility zoning studies, which typically rely solely on spatial data. The geospatial modeling results show that the obtained zoning has a high level of accuracy, with an AUC validation value of 0.892. The high-susceptibility area covers 5.92% of the total region, with more than 25% of landslide events detected in this zone. The findings of this study are presented in a thematic map titled ^Landslide Susceptibility Zoning in Cianjur Regency, West Java,^ which is expected to serve as a reference for landslide disaster mitigation efforts in the region. Keywords: slip surface, frequency ratio, geographic information, resistivity geoelectric, landslide susceptibility zone Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurhasan Nurhasan)

23	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-204
Hypocenter Determination and Uncertainty Analysis Using the Reciprocal Fast Marching Wavefront Modeling (RFMW) Alfi Nur Albab (a*), Bagus Endar B. Nurhandoko(a) a) Earth Physics and Complex System Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia *albabalfi938[at]gmail.com Abstract Accurate determination of earthquake parameters is vital for seismologists due to their potential hazards and the importance of risk mitigation. Among these parameters, the hypocenter location is especially critical, as it significantly influences seismic tomography and inversion processes. This study introduces a novel approach for hypocenter localization based on the Reciprocal Method of Fast Marching Wavefront Modeling (RFMW). This method models seismic wavefronts by solving the eikonal equation through the Fast Marching Method (FMM). We evaluate the effectiveness of RFMW in locating hypocenters within highly heterogeneous subsurface media and in addressing the nonlinear aspects of wave propagation. Additionally, we investigate how hypocenter accuracy is affected by the spatial configuration and distribution of seismograph stations. The RFMW approach was applied to determine several hypocenters beneath Lake Toba in North Sumatra. Results reveal a strong correlation between the seismograph network configuration-particularly station spacing and distribution-and the accuracy of hypocenter localization. Interestingly, increasing the number of seismographs did not significantly enhance accuracy, highlighting the importance of optimal station placement. Keywords: Hypocenter accuracy- Wavefront modeling- Reciprocal method- Fast Marching Method Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Alfi Nur Albab)

24	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-206
Damage Assessment of the 2022 Cianjur Earthquake using Satellite-based Damage Proxy Map Suci Ramayanti (a*), Revita Anindya Lestari (a), Chang-Wook Lee (b) a) Physics Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia *suciramayanti[at]upi.edu b) Department of Science Education, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea Abstract On 21 November 2022, an earthquake struck Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia, with the epicentre approximately 11 kilometres southwest of Cianjur and a shallow depth of 10 kilometres. This earthquake is believed to have originated from the Cimandiri Fault, which is characterised by a strike-slip mechanism, although it is likely that other as yet unidentified faults contributed to the event. This seismic event caused widespread damage to buildings and infrastucture, resulting in loss of life, injuries, and displacemen of residents. To approximate damage areas caused by the earthquake by the earthquake, we used the damage proxy map (DPM) method using Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery. Two Sentinel-1 data acquired on 11 and 23 November with ascending path and VV polarisation, were used to analyse changes in the area before and after the earthquake. The results show that the DPM method is effective in identifying areas affected by the earthquake, with the most severe damage concentrated in the Cugenang area. The accuracy of these findings was validated through a comparison between the damaged areas identified by the DPM method and field surveys conducted by the Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (PVMBG). This study demonstrates the ability of DPM to efficiently support post-earthquake damage assessment and has the potential to serve as a reference for disaster response and mitigation planning. Keywords: Damage Proxy Map- Cianjur earthquake- Synthetic Aperture Radar Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Suci Ramayanti)

25	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-207
One Dimensional Modelling of Magnetotelluic Data using Deep Learning Based Inversion and its application to delineate the fault structure Achmad Aulia Fikri- Nurhasan- Auza Naufal Abraar-Hamzah Firoos Fauzi-Marshanda Adisti Rahmadini Bandung Institute of Technology Abstract The problem in the inversion of Magnetotelluric data has occurred due to its nonlinear and ill-posed nature. Local minimum during inversion and relying on reliable initial models were found in the existing gradient-descent approaches. To overcome this problem, we proposed a modelling of Magnetotelluric method based on deep learning inversion. This approach directly builds an end-to-end mapping from apparent resistivity and phase data to resistivity anomaly model. The implementation of the proposed method contains two stages: training and testing. During the training stage, the weight sharing mechanism of fully convolutional network is considered, and only the single anomalous body model samples are used for training, which greatly shortens the modelling time and reduces the difficulty of network training. The unknown combinatorial anomaly model can be reconstructed from the Magnetotelluric data using the trained network. The proposed method is tested in both synthetic and field data. The real Magnetotelluric data obtained from the fault system were applied in this inversion. By Comparison to the existing inversion, the results show that the deep learning-based inversion method proposed in this paper is computationally efficient and has high imaging accuracy. Keywords: Machine learning, Magnetotelluric, Resistivity, fault system Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurhasan Nurhasan)

26	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-209
Hydrogeophysical Characterization of Groundwater Distribution in the Upper Citarum River Basin Using DC Resistivity Method Kusnahadi Susanto (a,b*), Salsabila Putri (c), Kartika H Kirana (a) a)Dept. Geophysics, Universitas Padjadjaran Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM. 21 Jatinangor, Indonesia b) Center of Citarum Research (CCR-Unpad) Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM. 21 Jatinangor, Indonesia *k.susanto[at]unpad.ac.id c)Undergraduate program of Geophysics, Universitas Padjadjaran Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM. 21 Jatinangor, Indonesia Abstract Groundwater is a critical natural resource increasingly impacted by population growth, land-use changes, and intensive industrial activities, including those within the Citarum River Basin (CRB), Indonesia. Over the past decade, the CRB has undergone a significant transformation, from one of the most polluted rivers to a progressively cleaner system. These surface water improvements are hypothesized to correlate with subsurface groundwater conditions. This study investigates the depth and spatial distribution of the groundwater table in the Upper Citarum Basin using the Direct Current (DC) resistivity method with a Schlumberger array configuration. Geophysical data were acquired along four survey lines across the Citarik and Cikeruh sub-watersheds using an AGI SuperSting R8/IP resistivity meter. The acquired data were processed with AGI EarthImager 2D software to produce two-dimensional resistivity profiles of the subsurface. The results delineated three major resistivity zones: (1) low-resistivity zones (2-6 Ohm m), interpreted as saturated clay layers- (2) medium-resistivity zones (6-15 Ohm m), associated with sandy clay deposits- and (3) high-resistivity zones (15-35 Ohm m), corresponding to compact, relatively dry clay. The groundwater table was identified at depths ranging from approximately 0.6 to 17 meters. These findings offer a preliminary hydrogeological framework of the Upper Citarum Basin, providing a valuable baseline for future groundwater monitoring and sustainable water resource management. Keywords: Groundwater, Resistivity, Upper Citarum River, Hydrogeophysical survey Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Kusnahadi Susanto)

27	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-210
Characterization of Rajamandala Fractured Carbonate Aquifer Induced by the Activity of Cimandiri Fault using Resistivity Tomography Rahmi Elzulfiah 1*, Bagus Endar B Nurhandoko 1, Danny Hilman Natawidjaja2, Insan Rizal B. Komara3, and Wisnu A. Guntara3 1 Earth Physics and Complex System Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia 2 Research Center for Natural Disasters, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bandung, Indonesia 3 Rock Physics Imaging Lab, Bandung, Indonesia Abstract Keywords: Rajamandala carbonate, fractured reservoir, resistivity tomography, self-potential imaging Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rahmi Elzulfiah)

28	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-218
Rainfall Climatology Associated with Cyclonic and Non Cyclonic Events in Indonesia New Capital Based on IMERG and IBTrACS Nadya Rezky Ananda, Helmi Yusnaini, Marzuki Marzuki Universitas Andalas Abstract The new capital city of Indonesia (IKN) is vulnerable to extreme rainfall events influenced by large-scale atmospheric systems, including tropical cyclones originating from the western Pacific Ocean. Extreme rainfall can occur even during the dry season when tropical cyclones occur. This study aims to analyze the contribution of tropical cyclones to rainfall in IKN. This study utilizes tropical cyclone track data from the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) and daily rainfall data from IMERG from 2000 to 2024. Rainfall separation was carried out using the Objective Synoptic Analysis Technique (OSAT) by applying a 500 km radial buffer from the cyclone centre and a temporal window of plus minus 3 days around the peak intensity of each cyclone. Initial results have successfully separated spatially and temporally cyclone related and non cyclone related rainfall throughout IKN. This separation provides a solid basis for further analysis of the climatology of tropical cyclone rainfall in IKN, including long term trends, spatial distribution, and the influence of key atmospheric parameters such as relative humidity and sea surface temperature on tropical cyclone related rainfall. The results of this study are expected to support disaster risk reduction strategies and climate resilience planning in IKN. Keywords: Tropical cyclone, Extreme rainfall, IMERG, IBTrACS, Indonesia New Capital Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nadya Rezky Ananda)

29	Earth Physics and Space Science	ABS-219
Assessment of Subsurface Structures for Geothermal Exploration in Curup, Indonesia, Using Satellite-Derived Gravity Anomalies Puja Kasmailen Putri, Marzuki Marzuki, and Ahmad Fauzi Pohan Andalas University Abstract The Suban Curup area in Rejang Lebong, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, is a tourism destination and lies along the subduction zone of the western Sumatra magmatic arc, near the Ketaun fault segment and the active Kaba Volcano. These geological features suggest significant geothermal energy potential, although comprehensive mapping efforts remain limited. This study utilizes satellite-derived gravity data from the GGMPlus 2013 model, comprising 1,937 data points acquired from Curtin University (Perth) and TU Munich (TUM). The Bouguer anomaly was calculated using a refined field correction approach based on full-scale topographic gravity data from the SRTM2 model. Regional and residual anomalies were separated through two-dimensional radial spectral analysis and continuous upward continuation techniques. The results indicate that the average thickness of the sedimentary layer in the study area exceeds 100 meters, suggesting the presence of shallow subsurface structures. These findings provide a foundation for subsequent 3D modelling of density contrasts, taking into account the regional geological context of Curup. The analysis reveals patterns of intrusive igneous rocks with high-density contrast, the Merapi magma chamber with low-density anomalies, and fault segment boundaries marked by abrupt density changes. The outcomes of this study are expected to inform and support local government initiatives in developing geothermal power infrastructure in the region. Keywords: Geothermal, gravity, Inversion modeling, Ketaun segment, Kaba volcano Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Puja Kasmailen Putri)

30	Energy and Environmental Physics	ABS-6
Enhancing Water Heater Efficiency with Aluminum and Zinc-Coated Steel Systems for Energy Solutions Otong Nurhilal1, Nur Muhammad Farizan2, Fajrul Rahman2, Setianto Setianto1 1Department of Physics FMIPA Padjadjaran University 2Study Program of Physics FMIPA Padjadjaran University Abstract Solar collector plates are integral components for efficient solar heat transfer. While various metallic materials can serve as collector plates, aluminum stands out as a commonly employed choice with thermal conductivity comparable to copper and zinc. The material^s thermal conductivity significantly impacts the heat transfer efficiency from sunlight to the collector. Moreover, the surface configuration of the plate is a crucial factor affecting solar heat absorption. This study investigates the utilization of corrugated collector plates made from two materials, aluminum and zinc-coated steel. The solar collector testing phase covers the dry and rainy seasons in Indonesia, thereby providing a comprehensive evaluation in various weather conditions. There are two stages of solar collector testing, namely testing before it is used to heat water and testing to heat water. Radiation data show seasonal variations, with higher radiation observed in the dry season. Evaluation of the performance of the solar collector before being used to heat water resulted in an average efficiency of 41.45% for aluminum and 33.94% for zinc-coated steel. Meanwhile, evaluation of the performance of solar collectors used to heat water produces an average efficiency of 20.40% for aluminum and 10.47% for zinc-coated steel. Corrugated aluminum solar collectors exhibited promising absorber potential, while zinc-coated steel demonstrated economic viability due to its lower cost compared to aluminum. The research underscores the potential applicability of solar collectors made from both materials throughout different seasons Keywords: Solar collectors, aluminum, zinc-coated steel, absorber, efficiency Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Otong Nurhilal)

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