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1	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-3
Potential of Organic Carbon Pool in the Ocean: Approaches for Naturally and Artificially Capturing and Retaining Carbon Aan Johan Wahyudi (a*) a) Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol Timur, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia * aanj001[at]brin.go.id Abstract The term ^blue carbon^ is employed to denote the organic carbon sequestered by the oceans and coastal ecosystems. Ocean ecosystems receiving significant attention in studies of blue carbon comprise mangroves, saltmarshes, seagrasses, and algal beds. However, these vegetated ecosystems are not the exclusive repositories of atmospheric carbon, and alternative methods of capturing and retaining carbon naturally (by utilizing the inherent capacity of the ocean) and artificially (through the implementation of engineered approaches) are thus being investigated. This study provides an overview of these approaches and assesses the potential for storing organic carbon beyond vegetated ecosystems. We propose the feasibility of capturing aquatic carbon through a biological pump process that has the potential to store carbon at the ocean floor. Furthermore, we summarize the potential impact of artificial processes on carbon dioxide removal. Keywords: blue carbon, carbon storage, biological pump, carbon dioxide removal, pelagic system Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aan Johan Wahyudi)

2	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-6
Phytoplankton Response as Bioindicator of Muara Kuntul Aquatic Environment, Bekasi Regency, Indonesia Yayuk Sugianti (a*)- Adriani Sri Nastiti (a)- Mujiyanto (a) a) Research Centre for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency *) yayu003[at]brin.go.id Abstract Phytoplankton is a primary producer that can be used as an environmental indicator. Muara Gembong Coast is one of the fishing grounds for fishermen to catch fish because it has a mangrove ecosystem that functions as a shelter. In its development, the waters of Muara Gembong face various problems, such as high anthropogenic pressure, abrasion, and sedimentation, which causes ecological pressure on coastal ecosystems. One of the areas in Muara Gembong affected is Muara Kuntul. This study analyzed the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton in the waters of Muara Kuntul. Phytoplankton samples were taken, and several seawater parameters were measured in situ at nine stations. Phytoplankton analyzed include taxonomic composition, abundance and diversity index (H^), evenness (E), dominance (D), and saprobic index. The results showed that 26 species were identified in three classes (Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, and Dinophyceae) with a phytoplankton abundance range of 19,815-2912951 cells/l. The class Bacillariophyceae dominated the highest percentage of phytoplankton abundance at the nine observation stations. The phytoplankton biological index describes the diversity of phytoplankton in the waters of Muara Kuntul as low, with unstable communities and moderate dominance, thus characterizing the disruption of ecosystems and habitats. Thesaprobic index in Muara Kuntul ranges from 1.0 63-1.296, indicating that the waters are in the B-Mesosaprobic level, namely waters with moderate to heavy pollution levels. Keywords: phytoplankton- bioindicator- aquatic environment Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yayuk Sugianti)

3	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-20
Semi-automated Identification of the 7.3 Mw Earthquake Source in Flores Sea from Gridded Multibeam Bathymetry Data Ana Iffah Sabila (a*), Gabriella Alodia (b), Astyka Pamumpuni (c), Hendra Kurnia Febriawan (d), Dwi Haryanto (d), Poerbandono (b), Irwan Meilano (e) a) Geodesy and Geomatics Study Programme, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia *anasabila66[at]gmail.com b) Hydrography Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia c) Applied Geology Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia d) Directorate of Research Vessel Management, National Innovation and Research Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia e) Surveying and Cadastre Research Group, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia Abstract On December 14th, 2021, a 7.3 Mw earthquake struck the Flores Sea followed by a 7 cm-high baby tsunami near the Flores Island. According to BMKG (Indonesian Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency), the earthquake was caused by a strike-slip mechanism. By the year of occurrence, no strike-slip fault has been discovered within the Flores Sea area. This study aims to identify the geometric shape of a newly identified fault, recently termed as the Kalaotoa Fault, using a gridded multibeam bathymetry data from a hydrographic survey. The identification process is carried out using SWE (slope-weighted eccentricity), is a semi-automated geomorphometric tool to classify the terrain of seafloor based on the shape and directionality of the object of interest. The result of this study shows that the Kalaotoa Fault ruptured with approximately 96.76 km length. The multibeam bathymetry data also shows a potential relation between the Kalaotoa Fault and the Flores Back-Arc Thrust southeast of the study area. Keywords: Geomorphometry, Earthquake, Fault Mapping, Slope-weighted Eccentricity, Multibeam Bathymetry, Flores Sea Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ana Iffah Sabila)

4	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-25
RISK ASSESMENT OF OIL SPILL ALONG THE SHIPPING ROUTES IN THE JAVA SEA Muhammad Raihan, Aditya R. Kartadikaria, Dr. Eng. Institut Teknologi Bandung Abstract The Java Sea is one of areas in Indonesia with bustling maritime activities. All activities in these waters carry risks that could pollute the environment. One of pollution risks is the occurrence of oil spills resulting from ship accidents along the shipping routes. Risk assessment of oil spill incidents in the Java Sea region needs to be conducted to minimize losses in the event of oil spills caused by accidents along the shipping routes. This study employs two methods: modeling and geographic information systems (GIS). Geographic information systems are used to determine the location of oil spills and visualize the results of the modeling for analytical purposes. The simulation is performed using the Oil Spill Trajectory Model (OSTM) to predict the movement of oil spills. The simulations are conducted for fifteen days each month in three release point categories based on the distance of the oil spill release points from the coastline. Category I covers release points within 50 km from the coastline, category II ranges from 50 to 100 km, and category III covers release points more than 100 km from the coastline. The oil spill dispersion pattern follows the monsoon wind patterns, tending to spread eastward during the west monsoon season and westward during the east monsoon season. The farthest spread occurs during the peak of the east and west monsoon seasons. The highest risk of oil spills is found in category I release points. The risk decreases as the distance increases in category II and category III release points. Keywords: Java Sea, Oil Spill, Trajectory Model Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Raihan)

5	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-50
RISK EXPOSURE OF COASTAL INUNDATION FROM STORM SURGE IN THE NORTHERN PART OF MALAYSIAN BORNEO Nurrul Fazlina Osman (a*), Ejria Saleh (a, b), Justin Sentian (b) a) Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. *nfazlina212[at]gmail.com b) Natural Disaster Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Abstract Coastal communities greatly depend on the marine resources for their means of subsistence. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events affected coastal ecosystems and socio-economic activities. The most common extreme event that occurs in the northern part of Malaysian Borneo is the storm surge. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the magnitude of the coastal inundation based three categories of the storm surge scenarios and to identify the risk exposure rank of nine study sites. Field trips and interviews were conducted between March 2020 and March 2023. Semi-structured open-ended questionnaires were applied to 100 respondents for coastal inundation (storm surge) risk exposure assessment. Results showed that Tongkang area on west side of Kudat and Tajau Laut, Tanjong Kapor and Landung Ayang in the east side of Kudat were affected from 3 categories of coastal inundation. The east side of the study sites (Tanjong Kapor and Landung Ayang) experience high risk exposure due to lack of coastal ecosystem richness, development of population centers, have high population and low land area. While the west side of the study sites faces high impact on social services especially the tourism sectors, although west side of Kudat have high multiple livelihood dependency they are susceptibility to storm surges, increasing development areas (for tourism) also might be threaten the ecosystem richness. This study indicates that Tanjong Kapor and Landung Ayang are highly exposed to risk and require adaptation and mitigation measures. Keywords: Storm surge- Coastal Communities- Kudat- Risk Exposure Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nurrul Fazlina Osman)

6	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-55
POLYPROPYLENE MICROPLASTIC-DEGRADING BACTERIA IN AQUATIC AREAS: A REVIEW Dewi Aisyah Chandra Kirana(a), Engki A. Kisnarti(b) (a)Student in the Bachelor of Oceanography Study Program, Faculty of Engineering and Marine Science, Hang Tuah University (b)Department of Oceanography, Faculty of Engineering and Marine Science, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya email: aisyah.ose20[at]hangtuah.ac.id Abstract The problem of plastic waste in water areas is a complex global issue. Plastic waste degrades into microplastics (MP) in the environment, especially in water areas. The type of plastic often found in water areas is polypropylene, such as food packaging, water bottles, and other consumer products. However, when polypropylene degrades, it can release microplastic particles into the environment. This study aimed to determine the types of bacteria that degrade polypropylene microplastics in water areas. The studied water areas include lakes, rivers, estuaries, seas, bays and straits. The results showed that some polypropylene microplastic degrading bacteria belonged to various bacterial groups, including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Rhodococcus, and Streptomyces. Bacteria-degrading polypropylene microplastics have a wide range of morphologies that vary depending on the type of bacteria and the study area. Polypropylene microplastic degrading bacteria produce enzymes that can break the polymer bonds of polypropylene. These bacteria then use the results of polypropylene degradation as a carbon source for their growth. Keywords: degradation- bacteria- polypropylene Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dewi Aisyah Chandra Kirana)

7	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-56
HYDRODYNAMICS INFLUENCES ON MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES TO SMALL REEF ISLANDS IN MALAYSIA: A CASE STUDY OF SIPADAN ISLAND Ejria Saleh (a*,b,c ) Jasica Chua (d), Farrah Anis Fazliatul Adnan (b), Rodeano Roslee (c), Justin Sentian (c) a) Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. ejsaleh[at]ums.edu.my b) Small Island Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources. Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. c) Natural Disaster Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. d) GEOAQUAMATICS PLT, No. E-4-6, Lot 6, 4th Floor, Block E, Plaza Tanjung Aru, Jalan Mat Salleh, 88100 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Abstract The hydrodynamic processes of a reef island are driven by its surrounding tides, waves, and ocean currents. These processes are also influenced by the seasonal monsoons, which cause geomorphological changes to the island. The objective of this study is to determine the hydrodynamic patterns of the island during different monsoon seasons and to identify the influence of hydrodynamics on the morphology of the reef island. The hydrodynamic simulation model was conducted at Sipadan Island based on a complete tidal cycle, wind, and wave conditions using the Delf3D software. The model was calibrated using tidal data taken at Mabul Island in March 2018 and compared with the tidal simulation at Sipadan Island. The results showed that the tidal currents flow from the south to the north of Sipadan Island during high tide and in the reverse direction during low tide. Erratic current flow patterns were observed at coral reefs and seagrass areas. The wind and wave height patterns during different seasonal monsoons contribute to the geomorphological changes in the southern parts of the island, resulting in the formation of narrow beaches and severe beach erosion. However, the eastern part of the island experiences coastal accretion that promotes the growth of new vegetation. Without action to address eroding areas, the island is predicted to lose its existing mature trees. In the long term, the island appears to be shifting towards the east, which could impact the island^s stability. The findings will be valuable for coastal management and conservation efforts in addressing ongoing geomorphological changes. Keywords: hydrodynamics, morphology, monsoon, reef island, Sipadan Island Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ejria Binti Saleh)

8	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-58
Quantification of the Coastal Exposure Index (CEI) in the Kangean Islands using GIS Based Modelling Herlambang Aulia Rachman- Zainul Hidayah- Abd Rahman As-syakur Marine Science Department, University of Trunojoyo Madura Marine Science Department, Udayana University Abstract Climate change has become an important issue in recent years, especially in the context of threats to small islands. This phenomenon causes a rise in sea level and surface temperatures that endanger coastal ecosystems. Therefore, studies related to the calculation of coastal exposure levels are very important in an effort to mitigate and reduce these impacts. In this study, the calculation of Coastal Exposure Index (CEI) was carried out on the entire coastal area of the Kangean Islands, both large and small islands. We quantified the CEI using Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) Modeling. Parameters used in this analysis include coastal topography, bathymetry, waves, surges, natural habitats (mangrove, coral, and seagrass), geomorphology, and sea level rise. The results of the analysis were then classified into categories using 25% percentile as low, moderate, high, and critical vulnerability. The results show that about 7.29% (43 km) of the coastline has a critical vulnerability level, 28.42% is categorized as high (168 km), and about 290.65 km or 48.89%, is a moderate category. Locations with critical and high vulnerability dominate the northern part of Kangean Island. This area is more exposed to the open ocean and has relatively low natural habitat cover. While the southern part of the island is dominated by mangrove cover, which is protected from exposure in the open ocean area. This condition is probably causing this area to dominantly have low and moderate CEI categories. In the Sepanjang Island area, areas with coral reef and seagrass cover have a lower CEI. The existence of natural habitats is one of the important components of coastal area exposure and reduces the level of vulnerability. The results of this study can be used as a reference in the Kangean Islands management programme as a response to climate change disasters. Keywords: Climate Change- Coastal Exposure Index (CEI)- GIS Modelling- Kangean Island- Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Herlambang Aulia Rachman)

9	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-63
Origin of sediments and provenance study for natural hazards potential detection in Togean Islands, Tomini Bay, Indonesia Yunia Witasari, Helfinalis BRIN Abstract Clay minerals cover almost all of the Earth^s surfaceas the main constituents of sediment and fine-grained rocks- therefore, some geological purposes use clay minerals as a proxy. The information based on clay mineral on a short core sample in Togean Islands, Tomini Bay, Indonesia, aimed to reveal natural and/or anthropogenical hazard signature on several decades and to provide the sedimentary environment referencein the research area. The research was deployed in September, 2015- single core samples were taken using a simple core made of two inches diameter PVC pipe. X-Ray Diffraction was used to determine clay minerals^ chemical properties, and C14 isotope was used to determine the chronological period of sedimentary layers. Based on clay mineral proxies, Togean Islands and its surrounding areas have experienced several disasters over five decades. Based on the main mineral and rock composition as well as the main chemical element content obtained from the sediments, it can be interpreted that the origin of the sediments in Tomini waters is derived from volcanic rock formations, lava deposits, and bioclastic deposits in the form of parent limestone and coral reefs. Based on the content of carbonate and bioclastic materials, it can also be estimated that up to a thickness of 50 cm, these sediments are still part of sedimentation in a continental shelf environment influenced by active volcanic activity. The presence of opaque and mica minerals are most likely derived from malachite rocks (gneiss and schist). The presence of rare minerals indicates that the origin of the sediments is mainly from the southern area of the Tomini Basin which is dominated by ofiolite rocks. The concentration of Barium in the bottom surface sediments of the Tomini Basin is thought to be related to the simultaneous decomposition of organic material and the absorption of Barium during the deposition of sediment particles. Volcanic rock fragments are thought to originate from Una-una Island which is a solitary volcanic island formation, then limestone fragments and coral fragments are thought to originate from the Batudaka karst island formation. Volcanic rocks in the form of tuff and andesite breccia are thought to come from the Togean Island lava dome. While the content of quartz minerals, and metamorphic rock fragments are thought to come from the ophiolite formation on Walea Island. Keywords: sediment, minerals, natural hazards, environment, Togean, Tomini Bay Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yunia Witasari)

10	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-72
The use of INANWP model for a landslide early warning system: a prototype from the Kulon Progo Region in Yogyakarta, Indonesia Danang Eko Nuryanto1, Guruh Samodra2, Erwin Eko Wahyudi3, Nanang Susyanto4, Muhammad Auzan3, Andi Dharmawan3, Danang Sri Hadmoko2, Wido Hanggoro1, Donaldi Sukma Permana1, and Dwikorita Karnawati1 1 Indonesian Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG), Jakarta, Indonesia 2 Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 3 Department of Computer Science and Electronics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 4 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia Abstract This study uses Indonesian Numerical Weather Prediction (INANWP) modeling to assist weather conditions for a landslide early warning system (LEWS) in the Kulon Progo region in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The INANWP is an advanced numerical model with observation data assimilation. Rainfall-induced landslides pose a significant threat to communities living in mountainous areas in Indonesia, one of the most landslide-affected countries in the world. Due to its steep topography, volcanic soils, and very high population density, Java Island is the most affected region. Landslide risk is often mitigated by slope stabilization and drainage methods in sites where landslides have occurred and by reducing exposure of structures through proper land use planning. The main purpose of this study is to describe the development of a geographical LEWS WebGIS prototype using comprehensive landslide inventory data, rainfall satellite data, and rainfall data from INANWP. Based on the landslide inventory and IMERG rainfall data, the rainfall threshold for landslide occurrence was computed using the cumulated event rainfall (E) and the length of the event (D). The deployment of the landslide threshold on rainfall data from INANWP was used to predict the chance of spatiotemporal landslides in the future. Landslide inventory data was divided into 647 landslides (January 2018 to July 2021) for rainfall threshold establishment and 137 landslides (September 2021 to March 2022). Developing the LEWS WebGIS prototype based on rainfall threshold for landslide occurrence provides new possibilities for better awareness, communication strategies, and warning of landslide hazards. Keywords: INANWP, Kulon Progo region, landslide early warning system, rainfall threshold Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Danang Eko Nuryanto)

11	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-73
ANALYSIS OF NATURAL OCCURRING RADIONUCLIDE ACTIVITY CONCENTRATION AND HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION OF FISH IN WEST COAST WATERS OF SABAH, MALAYSIA Muhammad Nur Rashidi Rosli (a*), Nurashikin Abd Azis (b), Madihah Jafar Sidik (c) a) Preparatory Center for Science and Technology, University Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia *mnrashidirosli[at]ums.edu.my b) Faculty of Security and Governance, North Borneo University College, 88450 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah c) Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia Abstract Fish is an important source of protein in human diets, but concerns arise due to natural radionuclide contamination in food and water sources. This study aimed to assess the concentration radionuclides activities (232Th, 238U, and 40K) in three commercial fish species from west coast waters of Sabah, Malaysia. Additionally, the annual effective dose and cancer risk for adults consuming these fish were evaluated. The concentration analysis was conducted using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) technique. The study also calculated the annual effective dose and cancer risk from the presence of radionuclides in fish. The average concentration levels of radionuclide activity detected are 0.14 Bq/kg for 232Th, 0.43 Bq/kg for 238U, and 42.56 Bq/kg for 40K, the annual effective dose was estimated to be much lower than UNSCEAR recommendations. The collective effective dose was estimated at 1.88 microSv/y for 232Th, 1.11 microSv/y for 238U, and 15.12 microSv/y for 40K. The cancer risk for adults from the annual effective dose was also found to be much lower than UNSCEAR and ICRP recommendations. Based on the study^s findings, consuming fish from west coast waters of Sabah is deemed safe and has no significant radiological impact on human health. However, it is recommended to establish a long-term monitoring system for radionuclide bioaccumulation in fish to gather valuable information for assessing the potential health risks associated with radionuclides in Malaysia, particularly in the Sabah. Keywords: Bioaccumulation. Inductive Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Radionuclide. Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Nur Rashidi Rosli)

12	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-74
Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract You Can Edit It Again Later Abstract Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract You Can Edit It Again Later kl Keywords: Please Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Faruq Khaami)

13	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-76
Distribution of Oil and Grease in Sabah Coastal Waters in Response with Environmental Parameters Variability Charissa Thalia Unau1, Madihah Jafar-Sidik1, Michelin Collyen Jimmy1, Muhamad Ikhlas Zabidi1, Nurzaliah Ali1, Saiyidah Munirah Mohd Shazali2 1Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400, Malaysia 2Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract Oil pollution is considered as one of the most crucial issues that need to be concerned with as it contributes to negative impacts toward the marine ecosystem. This study aims to investigate the spatial distribution of oil and grease in the coastal water at the study site and examine the correlation of OG variations with observed environmental parameters. The environmental parameters were analysed which were OG, suspended particulate matter , chlorophyll a , coloured dissolved organic matter, and nutrients. The range of OG concentration found in these rivers is 1 to 7 mg per L. For CPAs, the concentration of SPM is ranged between 6 to 60 mg per L, concentration of chl a is 1.5 to 117.2 mg per m3, and the CDOM absorption at g440 is ranged between 0.017 to 1.520 m1. As for nutrients concentration, it is observed that ammonia concentration is these rivers is ranged between 10 to 2060 microgram per L, the phosphate concentrations is ranged from 20 to 370 microgram per L, nitrite concentrations ranged from 0 to 1359 microgram per L, nitrate concentrations ranged from 52 to 3408 microgram per L and lastly total nitrogen concentrations, which is ranged from 100 to 2090 microgram per L. This study indicates the mean of SPM and nutrients, which are phosphate and nitrite of these rivers are within the range of Malaysian Marine Water Quality Standard. However, the concentration of ammonia, nitrate, and total nitrogen in the study area exceeded the limit of MMQWS. Overall, the OG concentration in seven rivers is still within the range, which is less than and equal to 4 mg per L of Malaysian Marine Water Quality Standard, which is 5 mg per L. Keywords: oil and grease, oil pollution, water quality, MMWQS, nutrients, colour-producing agents, coastal waters Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Charissa Thalia Unau)

14	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-80
Potential Sunda Strait Tsunami Hazard due to the Deformation of Anak Krakatau Shofia Karima, Karina Aprilia S, Uut Ihsan, Mirzam Abdurrahman Bandung Institute of Technology Abstract The tsunami Sunda Strait event in 2018 is a prove that volcanic activity may trigger a devastating and unpredictable tsunami. Several findings indicate that this catastrophe was generated by the flank collapse caused by the instability of Gunung Anak Krakatau. Other processes of volcanic activity that cause tsunamis include pyroclastic flows, subaerial and submarine landslides, underwater explosions, blasts, and caldera collapse. In 1883, Krakatau Mount produced the largest tsunami event, and it is apparent that GAK is one of the threats in Sunda Strait that may potentially produce tsunamis in the future since it is still active now. Based on current data of deformation Anak Krakatau, the aim of this study is to observe the tsunami wave heights, the tsunami arrival time, and the inundation at the Sunda Strait area. The western part of Java and the South part of Sumatera that has abundant activity (industries, tourism, and residential area) will be impacted when the tsunami occurs. Applying the shallow water equation model will analyze the tsunami threats in those areas. Keywords: Gunung Anak Krakatau, Deformation, Tsunami model, flank collapse. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Shofia Karima)

15	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-88
The projected coastal flooding in Semarang low land under chronic pressures J W Nugroho, L Anzani, L O A Minsaris, J Risandi and H Rifai Department of Marine Information System, Indonesia University of Education (UPI) Jl. Dr. Setiabudi No.229, Bandung, Indonesia Research Center for Oceanography, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta 14430, Indonesia Abstract Coastal flooding has become the main hazard in most coastal cities, including Semarang, the capital of Central Java Province, Indonesia. The flooding periodically inundates the city causing huge loss and damage to the environment and socioeconomic. In the coming decades, the vulnerability of the Semarang region will increase due to pressures from high tides and rapid sea level rise (offshore), as well as land subsidence (onshore). Hence, future estimates on the potentially inundated area across the city are critical to developing adaptive measures. We applied a set of global data from Tide Model Driver (TMD), Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM), and Sentinel-1A to quantify the increase of seawater level in Semarang. Furthermore, the current and future coastal flood hazards (25 to 100 years) for Semarang were generated based on the national Digital Elevation Model, the DEMNAS. The study highlights the increase of flooding risk in Semarang due to the increase of seawater level and exacerbating land subsidence, mainly in the lowland area that may be severely inundated by more than 1.5 m. Considering the importance of Semarang as the main city in Central Java, future development of the city needs to include measures to minimize the impact of flooding Keywords: Coastal flooding, land subsidence, prediction, sea level rise, Semarang, tides. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Luthfi Anzani)

16	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-90
Fostering Resilient Communities and Sustainable Tourism against Climate-Driven Disaster Risk Alfita Puspa Handayani, Karina Aprilia Sujatmiko, Miqdad Fadil Institut Teknologi Bandung Abstract Climate change exacerbates natural conditions and disasters. It increased the frequency and severity of droughts, rising sea levels leading to coastal erosion and flooding, more intense and unpredictable weather patterns, and the potential for stronger storm surges and tropical cyclones. These changes have significant impacts on the local ecosystems, water resources, agriculture, and ultimately affecting the lives and livelihoods of the island^s residents. Additionally, the changes in ocean temperature and acidity due to climate change can disrupt marine ecosystems, affecting fisheries and coral reefs, which are vital for the islands^ tourism industry. This research investigates the consequences of climate change-induced disaster risks on the Gili Islands, particularly their implications for local tourism. Utilizing qualitative methods, the study focuses on developing strategies for sustainable tourism and bolstering community capacity across the islands. Prioritizing the establishment of a strong nexus and resilient community, the research underscores the essential role of collaboration and education. It highlights the importance of active engagement from well-resourced hotels and resorts in addressing these challenges. The study also proposes innovative business processes to enhance connections between hotels, resorts, the government, and the local community. Ultimately, the research aims to provide a roadmap for sustainable tourism practices, fostering a resilient community and facilitating effective cooperation among stakeholders to mitigate the impacts of climate change in the Gili Islands. Keywords: Climate Change, Disaster Risk, Resilient Communities Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Alfita Puspa Handayani)

17	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-93
Profile of Seawater Quality in Cirebon, Northern Coast of West Java, Indonesia Diyah Fatimah Oktaviani (a*), Prastyo Abi Widyananto (a), Mochamad Riam Badriana (a), Ashadi Arifin Nur (a), Chung Kyun Jeon (a, b), Ivonne Milichristi Radjawane (a, c), Han San Park (a,b) (a) Korea-Indonesia Marine Technology Cooperation Research Center (MTCRC), Cirebon Center, Indonesia * E-mail: diyahdfo[at]mtcrc.center (b) Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, Korea (c) Faculty of Earth Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia Abstract Cirebon is a coastal area where the economic activities of some people rely on water conditions. Besides that, the city is known to have an industrial area. Therefore, along with the rapid development of industrializations and urbanizations, it will also affect the quality of the environment, especially coastal waters. Assessing the profile of water quality could be the approach to knowing the environmental conditions. This research was aimed to understanding the current coastal condition based on the physical-chemical properties in Cirebon seawater. The data was collected using CTD and nutrient auto analyzer. Several parameters were collected namely temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll, nitrite (NO2), nitrate (NO3), ammonia (NH4), phosphate (PO4) and silicate (SiO2) from 11 points of survey area. The results showed that several parameters were similar in all stations, while some had different values between stations. Nutrients enrichment and chlorophyll are found to be higher in particular areas. The highest NO2 content found in station 10 (0.005 mg/L), NO3 in station 7 (0.343 mg/L), PO4 in station 1 (0.087 mg/L), SiO2 in station 6 (1.281 mg/L) and chlorophyll in station 11 (2.12 ug/L). The average concentration was relatively found to be high in the station near the coastal area compared to the open sea. This can happen due to supply of organic substances into the coastal waters from the rivers that are being carried away by the current. Keywords: Nutrients, Composition, Cirebon, Seawater Quality, Chlorophyll Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Diyah Fatimah Oktaviani)

18	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-98
Preliminary Study of Methane Distribution in Sediments Jakarta Bay Irfan Kampono*a,b, Nining Sari Ningsiha, Aditya R. Kartadikariaa, Yaya Ihya Ulumuddinb, Raden Sutiadib, Agus Dendi Rochendib, Fadjar Hidayatb, Hariyanto Triwibowob aFaculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technologi (ITB), Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, Jawa Barat 40132, Indonesia bResearch Center for Oceanography-National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Pasir Putih 1, Ancol Pademangan, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia Abstract The role of methane (CH4) as a greenhouse gas source is often overlooked in favor of the dominant influence of carbon dioxide (CO2) on climate and the environment. However, methane in the atmosphere is more effective at absorbing heat than carbon dioxide. With the same mols, methane gas is 28 times more powerful at trapping heat in the atmosphere over a 100-year period. The shallow waters of large cities are a source of methane generation as these areas contribute greatly to changes in environmental loads due to human activities. With the world^s second longest coastline and expansive shallow waters, Indonesia has a major contribution as a source of methane distribution that impacts climate changes. The waters of Jakarta are a highly terrestrial. This can be observed from the spillage of industrial and domestic waste to 13 major river/estuaries that flow from West Java and Banten, through the Jakarta city area and run-off fron the mainland. The aims of this study are: (1) to identify the source of CH4 in sediments, (2) to map CH4 in Jakarta Bay. The results of the methane source and distribution seafloor sediments of Jakarta Bay can reveal data uncertainties in estimating emission from Indonesia^s oceans. Keywords: Climate changes, Jakarta Bay, Methane, Sediment, Oceanic carbon Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Irfan Kampono)

19	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-103
Assessment of Suspended Sediment Particles Distribution Pattern by Using Remote Sensing Approach and In-situ Data to Support Coastal Protection in Barito River Mouth Area, Indonesia Dimas Widyanata(a*), Ira Puspita Dewi(a), Rinny Rahmania(b), Baharuddin(a) a) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, University of Lambung Mangkurat, Indonesia *dimaswidyanata[at]gmail.com b) Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia Abstract With a total length of approximately 900 km, Barito River has become an important water transportation route in South Kalimantan Province of Indonesia for hundreds of years, by connecting major city such as Banjarmasin and other outback regions in its upstream to the Java Sea. This river is also known as mouth to other rivers such as Martapura, Kuin, Nagara and Tapin River. Unfortunately, the natural condition of Barito is degraded due to anthropogenic disturbances in the upstream. Intensified land clearing activities has caused a high volume of runoff and discharge, especially during the rainy season with a high intensity of rainfall, thus increasing the total suspended solids in waters surround the river mouth. On the contrary, the low intensity of rainfall during the dry season leads to a lower volume of runoff and discharge. This study aims to visualize the distribution pattern of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in the coastal waters surround Barito River mouth during both rainy and dry seasons, which resulted from field observation (started from river body to the coastal waters) and Sentinel-2 image analysis. The result indicates a similar trend between satellite image analysis and in-situ measurement, where a high concentration of TSS is occurred during the rainy season and lower concentrations of TSS during dry seasons. From field observation, the concentrations of TSS ranges from 12 mg/l to 46 mg/l during the rainy season and from 1 mg/l to 65 mg/l during the dry season. From Sentinel-2 analysis, the concentrations of TSS ranges from 30 mg/l to 170 mg/l during the rainy season and from 5 mg/l to 50 mg/l during the dry season. During the rainy season, the concentration is high and distributed further towards the coastal waters due to the influence of high discharge and rainfall. While during the dry season, the concentration is lower and primarily distributed in the estuarine area due to the influence of discharge and tidal currents, both of which are equally significant. This study can be used by local government as a tool to control land use change in the upstream, protect coastal area and to mitigate the impact of natural disaster that could be caused by this event in the downstream. Keywords: Total Suspended Solid- Sentinel-2- Coastal Protection- Barito River Mouth Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (DIMAS WIDYANATA)

20	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-106
Coastal Hazards in the Sunda Strait: Mitigation Strategy and Coastal Management Aida Heriati1, Eva Mustikasari1, Tubagus Solihuddin2, Semeidi Husrin3, Hadiwijaya Lesmana Salim1, August Daulat1, Dini Purbani1, Muhammad Ramdhan4 1 Research Center for Conservation of Marine and Inland Water Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) 2 Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) 3 Research Center for Geological Disaster, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) 4 Research Center for Remote Sensing, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Abstract Sunda strait is one of the strategic waters in Indonesia situated at the Indonesian archipelagic sea lane passage. The water is also known as one of the national strategic regions as governed in the Presidential Decree of 32/2019 about marine spatial planning. The coasts of the region have been developed as industrial areas, marine tourism and associated facilities, fisheries, agriculture, mining, etc. Despite the huge economic potency, Sunda Strait has high coastal hazards due to volcanic and tectonic activities. The Krakatau volcanic eruption in 1883 generated a tsunami run-up to &#8764-35 m high causing catastrophic damage along the coasts of Banten and Lampung and more than 36.000 people were reported killed. More recently, the eruption and flank collapse of the Anak Krakatau volcano generated a tsunami in the Sunda Strait causing severe damage, extensive inundation, and more than 430 deaths. Likewise, the Sunda Strait has a high potency of tsunami impacts generated by the earthquake sourced from the subduction zone known as megathrust. These conditions must become a valued lesson learned to all of us to raise awareness and preparedness through mitigation-based disaster management. Thus, we can reduce the impacts of the disaster and the high investment for post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction. Keywords: Coastal Hazard, tsunami, mitigation, disaster management, sunda strait Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eva Mustikasari)

21	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-107
Time Series of Coastal Inundation in Jakarta: An Input parameter for effective Coastal Disaster Management Heri Andreas, Dina A. Sarsito, Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, Dhota Pradipta, Angga Trysa Yuherdha, Wedyanto Kuntjoro Institute of Technology Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia heriandreas[at]gmail.com Abstract The impact of tidal flooding due to the influence of land subsidence and sea level rise on the coast in Jakarta has been categorized as a disaster. Losses economically have reached tens of trillions of rupiah and even hundreds of trillions when we take into account the costs of mitigation. Due to the nature of the disaster, coastal disaster risk management for tidal floods and land subsidence as well as sea level rise is mandatory, where one of the stages is to conduct a time series analysis of tidal floods that occurred on the coast of Jakarta. This time series can be used as an input parameter for effective mitigation and adaptation measures for tidal floods and land subsidence and can even be used as a parameter for evaluating the implementation of mitigation and adaptation itself. Hypothetically, if the time series shows that there has been an expansion of tidal flooding, mitigation and adaptation efforts still need to be addressed, conversely, if from the time series there is a reduction in the tidal flood area, this can be an indicator of successful mitigation and adaptation. Result of investigation shows decreasing number of places suffered coastal inundation through times. Keywords: coastal inundation, time series, effective mitigation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Heri Andreas Andreas)

22	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-109
Consequences of Various DEM Products on Coastal Inundation Modeling Heri Andreas, Dina A. Sarsito, Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, Dhota Pradipta, Angga Trysa Yuherdha, Wedyanto Kuntjoro Institute of Technology Bandung Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung Indonesia heriandreas49[at]gmail.com Abstract Coastal inundation modeling is important in order to get potential hazards and disaster risks. To create a coastal inundation model, parameters are needed including the Digital Elevation System (DEM). The coastal lowlands are represented from the DEM. Technically from the corrected DEM by the land subsidence, sea level rise and tidal hydraulic models, we will get a coastal inundation model. The most important thing related to this work is the accuracy of the DEM beside the correct definition of height reference system. There are available DEM products with various accuracies. As for coastal inundation modeling, if we do not use an accurate DEM, in this case we will not get a good coastal inundation model. The further impact is that we will not get the correct map the hazards and disaster risks. This paper will demonstrate the consequences of various DEM products (e.g. DEMNAS, SRTM and LIDAR Measurement) on coastal inundation modeling with Jakarta as a case study area. Our finding shows that inaccurate DEM indeed led to incorrect hazard map and further derived misleading in define the potential hazard and disaster risk. Keywords: Coastal inundation, modeling, Various DEM Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Heri Andreas Andreas)

23	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-112
Advanced Machine Learning Techniques for Predicting Coastal Line Changes in Northern Coast of Java Atik Nurul Aini (a*) (a) Cerdas Antisipasi Risiko bencana Indonesia (CARI!), Jalan Sepak Bola 5, Bandung 40293, Indonesia Abstract Coastal erosion and the shifting of coastal lines bear significant implications for the management and preservation of the northern coast of Java. This study employs sophisticated machine learning techniques to forecast variations in coastal lines, with the intention of advancing informative coastal management and mitigating associated risks. The methodology involves the integration of Landsat satellite image analysis and pertinent coastal line reanalysis data. Within this framework, several machine learning models are embraced, encompassing the Neural Network Auto-Regression (NNAR), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient-Boosting Machine (LGBM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), k-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Through meticulous comparison of these machine learning models, we elucidate their superior predictive accuracy, particularly under extreme weather conditions. Our research findings underscore the efficacy of these models in predicting both short-term and long-term changes in the coastal lines of the northern coast of Java, while accentuating their potential to fortify coastal protection strategies. In-depth analysis unveils that wind speed and wave height emerge as the most pivotal features in predicting coastal line shifts. The holistic performance of the models is scrutinized, and the observational results indicate the outperformance of the ANN model compared to the remaining six models within this context. Keywords: coastal line changes- machine learning- NNAR- LSTM- XGBoost- LGBM- ANN- KNN- SVM Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Atik Nurul Aini)

24	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-113
Characterization of Underwater Landslides in Krui Waters, Lampung using High-Resolution Seismic and Sonar Data Sri Ardhyastuti (a*), Muhamad Irfan (b), Eko Widi Santoso (a), Vijaya Isnaniawardhani (c), Purna Sulistya Putra (a), Teuku Yan Waliana Muda Iskandarsyah (c), Yudo Haryadi (a), Hardjo Pranoto (a), Adrin Tohari (a) a) Research Center for Geological Disaster, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Cisitu, Sangkuriang Bandung, West Java - 40135,Indonesia *sria005[at]brin.go.id b) Research Center for Geospatial, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta Bogor, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia c) Department of Geological Engineering, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Kab.Sumedang - 45363, Indonesia Abstract Krui Waters, Lampung Indonesia is an area with disaster potential. Currently, the construction of underwater infrastructure is being developed, therefore it is necessary to study the characteristics of the seabed to support the engineering design. Imaging underwater conditions with a sonar system and sub bottom profiling (SBP) is an interesting research problem for geological disaster researchers. The phenomenon of underwater landslides is very important for disaster mitigation, both for tsunami prediction and underwater infrastructure development. This study aims to identify characteristics of underwater landslide phenomena around the Krui Waters, Lampung, Indonesia by using the analytical method of high-resolution imaging from sonar data with limited depth of penetration, and sub-bottom profilers (SBP). Underwater landslides phenomena in this area is still unknown in detail. All data obtained from RV Baruna Jaya IV in the 2020 survey. from the sonar data showing surface characteristics such as the presence of rocks (cobble and boulder), scarp, hummocky, furrows, and outcrop. SBP data displays the characteristics of the seabed in the form of a canyon with a slope more than 200 to the south and features avalanches. Finally, the morphological characteristics and features obtained could possibly be a potential sources for local tsunamis due to the hight slope, besides that it will be pouse hazard for underwater infrastructure development Keywords: Landslides- seafloor mapping- Krui- hazard assessment- high-resolution seismic Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sri Ardhyastuti)

25	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-114
Enhancing the Implementation of Nature-Based Solutions in Coastal Management: A Integrated Approach of Agent-Based Modeling, Social Network Analysis, and Machine Learning (Case Study: Pangandaran Village, Indonesia) Atik Nurul Aini (a*) (a) Cerdas Antisipasi Risiko bencana Indonesia (CARI!), Jalan Sepak Bola 5, Bandung 40293, Indonesia Abstract This study proposes an innovative approach to enhance the implementation of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) within the context of coastal management. The approach integrates the methodologies of Agent-Based Modeling (ABM), Social Network Analysis (SNA), and Machine Learning (ML). The primary objective of this research is to address collaboration constraints that frequently impede the successful execution of NBS by expanding the network of interactions among diverse decision-making agents. The research centers around Pangandaran Village as a case study, which grapples with complex coastal management challenges. The amalgamation of ABM, SNA, and ML enables an in-depth analysis of the relationships between various decision-making entities relevant to NBS implementation. The outcomes of the social network analysis unveil potential collaboration barriers, while the ABM model offers insights into how enhanced interactions can overcome these barriers. The integration of Machine Learning enriches the analysis by identifying patterns within data and aiding in the anticipation of decision-making agent behaviors across various scenarios. The Machine Learning model informs more effective interventions and supports more accurate decision-making concerning NBS implementation. The results of this research provide practical and sustainable guidance for designing and implementing NBS in Pangandaran Village. Through this unique fusion of ABM, SNA, and ML, the study contributes to more effective, sustainable, and dynamically adaptable coastal management efforts. Keywords: nature-based solution- agent-based modeling- social network analysis- machine learning- coastal management Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Atik Nurul Aini)

26	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-117
A Systematic Literature Review of Marine Entrepreneurship in the Disaster Region: State of The Art and Future Studies Direction Sarah Ismullah, Togar M. Simatupang, Dwi Larso, Ivonne M. Radjawane Institut Teknologi Bandung Abstract Coastal communities face escalating threats due to the rising hazard risks posed by climatic factors, notably climate change, and non-climatic factors across multiple dimensions of society, economy, and environment. This includes the intricate nexus of marine entrepreneurship sustainability within these vulnerable coastal zones. Analyzing this topic necessitates a dual-pronged investigation encompassing geoscience, focused on Earth^s dynamic hazards, and entrepreneurship that situated within the realm of social science. To explore the interplay between marine entrepreneurship and hazard risks, we undertook a systematic literature review, scrutinizing the correlation among marine entrepreneurship, hazard risks, and resilience. This review meticulously assessed 43 articles, narrowing down the selection to 23 publications from the period spanning 2009 to 2023, with a thematic approach. Derived from the revealed research gaps, we pinpoint prospective domains for future inquiries into marine entrepreneurship within susceptible coastal regions. Specifically, within the context of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs), Sustainable Development Goals, Climate Change, and Hazard Risk, this study delves further into the intricate ties connecting natural hazard, resilience, and hazard impacts. The findings underscore the absence of a robust definition for marine entrepreneurship, highlighting the imperative for further research concerning disaster governance, aimed at augmenting the resilience of marine entrepreneurship in these regions. With the impetus of subsequent research dedicated to precise disaster risk governance within the marine entrepreneurship ecosystem, the potential to enhance socio-economic resilience among coastal communities through a sustainable marine entrepreneurship ecosystem becomes tangible. Keywords: Marine Entrepreneurship, Hazard Risk, Climate Change, Resilience, Natural Disaster Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sarah Ismullah)

27	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-118
Tsunami model of the 2021 Flores earthquake and its impact on Labuan Bajo, East Nusa Tenggara Evie H. Sudjono(a*), Franto Novico(a), Shofia Karima(a), Dian N. Handiani(b), Mamat Suhermat(a), Alfi Rusdiansyah(a), Achmad Fakhrus Shomim(a), Zulfa Qonita(a), Adrin Tohari(a), Karina Mayasita Handoyo(c), Susilohadi(d), Arifan Jaya Syahbana(a), Wiko Setyonegoro(a) a) Research Center of Geological Hazards, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung 40135, Indonesia *evie003[at]brin.go.id, fran011[at]brin.go.id b) Geodetic Engineering Program, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning, Institut Teknologi Nasional (Itenas), Bandung, Indonesia c) Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Security, National Research and Innovation Agency, Indonesia d) Research Center of Geological Resources, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bandung 40135 Indonesia Abstract The Flores earthquake on December 14, 2021, was recorded to cause weak tsunami in East Nusa Tenggara. The epicenter was in the Flores Sea within 10 km of the hypocenter that triggered M 7.3 earthquake and impacted some coastline areas of East Nusa Tenggara, including Labuan Bajo. This study aimed to hindcast this phenomenon and mitigate the coastline region by applying the forecasting scenarios related to the amplification of the earthquake magnitudes and type of the sub-bottom displacements. The TUNAMI Software has been selected to illustrate tsunami wave propagation and inundation. The elevation data for the inputting model used BATNAS-DENMAS National, while the rest of parameters were applied using two scenarios and the best guess. Based on the model results, it can be concluded that the source characteristics and the magnitudes played an essential role in inundating the coastal region in Labuan Bajo, West Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Keywords: Flores-earthquake-tsunami- model-mitigate-coastline region- Labuan Bajo- inundation- mitigate Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Evie Hadrijantie Sudjono)

28	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-120
RISK BASED PLANNING: REVIEW FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RISK COMMUNICATION IN COASTAL INDONESIA Permana Ari Soejarwo1*, Djoko Santoso Abi Suroso2 and Fikri Zul Fahmi2 1Student Program in Urban and Regional Planning, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, 2Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia Abstract ABSTRACT This paper examines risk communication perspective in Indonesian coastal areas in the context of risk based planning (RBP) by conduction content analysis of spatial and disaster planning policy in national and regional level. The RBP was emerge to criticizes land use planning that has not included disaster risk element. Based on conceptual and empirical contributions, RBP can work effectively in developed country that is evidenced by the existence and implementation of official regulations or policies regarding the role and support of risk communication in RBP. We argue this premise is based on situation of developed countries and has not applicable well in developing countries including Indonesia where studies that discuss this context are also still limited. However, the framework of RBP policies in developed countries is useful to support the study in coastal Indonesia that may take a different form and condition. We conduct content analysis of spatial and disaster planning policy in national regional and local level. West Java Province and Subang Regency are chosen as case study in coastal area. This peculiarity requires a deeper investigation and understanding. Findings indicate that the absence of a particular section that discusses risk communication in both types of regulations at the national and regional levels has resulted in gaps in disaster risk knowledge and information both between levels of government as well as between the government and the community. Even though RBP has been mainstreamed, both the central and regional governments in Indonesia are still at the level of interest but have not increased their seriousness at the level of drafting and ratifying regulations as stronger national guidelines on this matter. Keywords: Risk based planning, coastal area, disaster risk, risk communication, risk based planning policy. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Permana Ari Soejarwo)

29	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-124
WATER QUALITY STATUS USING THE TROPHIC INDEX (TRIX) VALUES IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF SUMBERKIMA VILLAGE, BULELENG PROVINCE OF BALI Iis Triyulianti*, Eghbert Elvan Ampou, Dessy Berlianty, Vivi Eka Indrayani, I Gede Adi Swastana Research Center of Deep Sea and Research Center of Oceanography, BRIN Abstract Water quality can be assessed utilizing physical, chemical and biological parameters in marine coastal waters. The assessment of water quality in this research was using trophic index (TRIX) value as a piece of basic information that is needed in terms of aquatic management resources. TRIX value giving us the depiction of water enrichment by nutrients that cause the increase of water productivity. The objective of this research was to determine the status of water quality by using the value of the TRIX index in coastal waters of Sumberkima Village, Buleleng, Province of Bali. The TRIX values were calculated from the result of nutrient and the level of transparency waters measurements includes biological activities in those water columns. The calculation uses a linear logarithmic combination of 4 variables were Chlorophyll-a, the concentration of dissolved oxygen, Total Nitrogen (Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia) and Phosphate. The range value of the TRIX index for water quality status in marine coastal of Sumberkima Village waters were 3,11 - 3,77 for all stations. Those TRIX index values showed the water quality status in the coastal waters of Sumberkima Village was in Low Tropic Level or Oligotrofic condition. The Low Tropic Level indicating values lower than 4 TRIX units are associated with scarcely productive coastal waters. Keywords: Water Quality, TRIX index, Sumberkima, Oligotrofic, Coastal Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Iis Triyulianti)

30	Marine Hazard, and Coastal Protection	ABS-126
MACROPLASTIC ABUNDANCE IN SATONDA ISLAND, WEST NUSA TENGGARA. Engki A. Kisnarti (a)* , Selly Kartika Amertha Mevia(b) (a) Program of Oceanography, Faculty of Engineering and Marine Science, Hang TuahUniversity, Surabaya-Indonesia (b) Student of Oceanography Program, Faculty of Engineering and Marine Science, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya-Indonesia Abstract Macro-sized waste is not only found on the coastlines of densely populated islands, but also on the coastlines of small islands. Satonda Island is a small island in the eastern part of Sumbawa Island, West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia. Although small, the island is an attractive tourist destination because it has a lake formed by the eruption of Mount Tambora. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the abundance of garbage on the island due to the influence of tides. Waste data collection was carried out using the quadrant transect method which was carried out randomly along the coastline. Data were collected during high and low tide, and the parameters recorded were the amount and type of waste, size and shape of waste, coordinate points, transect length, and length of data collection. The results showed that waste on Satonda Island at high tide was dominated by rubber waste such as shoes and sandals weighing 1,457 g (33 items) with a density of 0.264 items/m3, while at low tide it was dominated by hard plastic waste weighing 3,972 g (147 items) with a density of 1.176 items/m3. Keywords: garbage, tidal, island Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Selly Kartika Amertha Mevia)

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