Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite based Gonggong Snail Shell Waste (Strombus Canurium) using Precipitation Method Najla Maritza (a), Beauty Suestining Diyah Dewanti (b)*, and Leny Yuliatun (c)*
(a,b) Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
(c) National Research and Innovation Agency Science Technology Area Dr. (HC) Ir. H. Soekarno, Cibinong, Indonesia
Abstract
The high calcium content (67.70) of gonggong snail shells presents a promising source for natural hydroxyapatite (HAp), a biomaterial known for its biocompatibility in bone substitution. This study successfully synthesized HAp using the precipitation method, with optimal results achieved at a calcination temperature of 900 for 4 hours, with a Ca P ratio of 2.76, closely approximating the stoichiometric value of HAp. SEM revealed a spherical morphology with granular aggregation. FTIR confirmed the presence of characteristic phosphate and hydroxyl functional groups, while XRD analysis identified HAp as the primary crystalline phase, consistent with JCPDS data. Bone scaffolds produced from this HAp exhibited a pH of 10 after immersion in distilled water and 8 in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). Compression testing using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) showed that a HAp, alginate ratio of 2.5, 7.5 grams resulted in the highest mechanical strength, with an average maximum force of 123.3243 N and a maximum stress of 0.7599 MPa.
