Dry Mouth: Can Antihypertensive Drugs be the Cause? Shelly Lelyana,1, * Dewi Agustina,2 Julita Hendrartini,3 Dibyo Pramono 4
1 Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Maranatha Christian University
2 Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gadjah Mada University
3,4 Preventive Dentistry and Public Dental Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Gadjah Mada University
* Corresponding author. Email: shelly.lelyana[at]dent.maranatha.edu
Abstract
Backgrounds: Many patients arriving at the dentist^s practice are being treated with ongoing treatment for various systemic chronic diseases. As a result, dentists should be familiar with the potential adverse effects that these therapeutic agents may have on the tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region, in particular, the salivary glands. Hypertension is a non-communicable chronic disease with an increasingly high prevalence, therefore a person with hypertension needs to consume antihypertensive medication. Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review is to compare the prevalence of dry mouth in patients taking different antihypertensive drugs and to identify which antihypertensive drugs cause the highest rate of xerostomia. Methods: The research was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. The data collection of the articles used was generated from Google Scholar, PubMed, Semantic, and CrossRef from 2019-2024 on topics related to xerostomia and antihypertensive drugs in the elderly. Reviewed articles were performed to find potential eligible studies. Results: The frequency of xerostomia significantly differed among the antihypertensive medication groups (p = 0.008). Calcium channel blockers exhibited the highest rate of xerostomia (31.1%), followed by diuretics (26.8%). Interestingly, xerostomia prevalence was higher in males (34.7%) than females (26.4%) taking amlodipine (p= 0,003). Conclusion: This study found a statistically significant association between amlodipine use and xerostomia. This association was stronger in males compared to females. Additionally, among antihypertensive medications, calcium channel blockers, which include amlodipine, and diuretics were associated with the highest rates of xerostomia.
Keywords: Pxerostomia, dry mouth, hyposalivation, antihypertensive druglease Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract
