Effect of red betel leaf extract in inhibiting Streptococcus sanguinis ATCC 10566 biofilm formation Herryawan Herryawan- Sri Oktawati- Asdar Gani- Euis Reni Yuslianti- Inggi Andika Ardianto
Faculty of Dentistry
Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
Cimahi - Indonesia
Abstract
One of the dental and oral diseases whose prevalence is still high in Indonesia is periodontal disease, with a percentage of 74.1%. Periodontal disease is a condition of inflammation and degeneration of the soft tissue and bone-supporting teeth, which can cause tooth loss. This disease is caused by the accumulation of plaque biofilm, where the bacteria that plays a role in its formation is Streptococcus sanguinis. Red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) is a potential medicinal plant that is empirically known to have properties for treating various types of diseases, including diseases in the oral cavity. This study aimed to determine the effect of red betel leaf extract (RBLE) in inhibiting Streptococcus sanguinis biofilm formation. This study is laboratory experimental with a quasi-experimental research design in four test and two control groups. The test group consisted of RBLE concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The control group was chlorhexidine 0.2% as a positive control and DMSO 1% as a negative control. RBLE was made using the 96% ethanol maceration method, and the bacteria were obtained from culture collection. Inhibition of biofilm formation was measured using the Microtiter Plate Biofilm Assay method with a wavelength of 595 nm. Results show that the highest biofilm inhibition was found in 50% concentration, with an inhibition percentage of 22%. This result was still lower than the 0.2% chlorhexidine with an inhibition percentage of 31% but no significant differences compared with RBLE 50%. In conclusion, RBLE has anti-biofilm activity against Streptococcus sanguinis.
Keywords: Anti-biofilm, Red betel leaf extract, Streptococcus sanguinis.
