Characterization of Composite Granules from B--Tricalcium Phosphate Derived from Perna viridis Incorporated with Polyacrylic Acid Tansza Setiana Putri (a), Dewi Liliany Margaretta (a*)
a) Department of Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
*dewi[at]trisakti.ac.id
Abstract
Background: Beta-tricalcium phosphate (B-TCP: Ca3(PO4)2) serves as an alternative artificial bone substitute to hydroxyapatite due to its higher resorbability, which can be synthesized from natural sources like animal bones and shell waste, particularly green mussel shells (Perna viridis). The calcium content within the shells could be utilized for B-TCP synthesis. In dentistry, granular bone grafts are commonly used in bone augmentation and socket preservation. Previous studies have successfully fabricated B-TCP granules using methods such as sintering- however, this additional process could lead to higher power consumption. The current study decided to employ a simpler method by reacting B-TCP with polyacrylic acid (PAA) solution. Objective: The aim of this study is to fabricate granules by incorporating B-TCP derived from P. viridis shells with PAA solution. Methods: Initially, the shells were cleaned, crushed, and heated to convert calcium carbonate to calcium oxide powder. The powder was reacted with phosphoric acid to obtain a suspension, which was calcined to produce B-TCP. For granule fabrication, the B-TCP powder was mixed with PAA, placed in molds, and crushed after setting to obtain granular B-TCP. The samples were characterized for XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Results: XRD indicated peaks consistent with B-TCP and FTIR spectra exhibited peaks associated with amide functional groups, confirming the presence of PAA. SEM further validated the granular morphology of B-TCP. Conclusion: Composite granules were successfully fabricated from B-TCP derived from P. viridis shells then mixed with PAA, utilizing a simplified method demonstrating potential for applications in bone tissue engineering.
Keywords: B--Tricalcium Phosphate, Polyacrylic Acid, Green Mussel Shells, Bone Tissue Engineering
