A Three-year Restrospective Analysis of Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta Hayatun Nufus1,2*, Helda1, Marlinda Adham3, Ratna Djuwita1, Ikhwan Rinaldi4, Yulvina5, Aida Lutfi Huswatun6, Diana Paramita2, Nadiah Chandra Dewi7
1Faculty of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Universitas Indonesia
2Hematology and Medical Oncology Division, Internal Medicine, Persahabatan General Hospital, Jakarta
3Department of Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic (ENT). Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
4Hematology and Medical Oncology, Internal Medicine Department, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
5Ear, Nose, and Throat Clinic (ENT), Persahabatan General Hospital, Jakarta
6Radiation Oncology, Persahabatan General Hospital, Jakarta
7Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Achamd Yani, Bandung
*Corresponding author: dr.hayatun[at]gmail.com
Abstract
Background
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) ranks as the sixth most common cancer in Indonesia. The majority of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, largely due to nonspecific early symptoms and delays in diagnosis. Persahabatan Hospital serves as a national referral center for respiratory cases and cancer cases as well. Majority of the patients use national health insurance program. This study aimed to assess data related to NPC in this single referral hospital.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed including 66 NPC patients with complete records diagnosed and treated between 2019 and 2022 in Persahabatan General Hospital, Jakarta. The prognostic impact of age, gender, education level, stadium, body mass index, were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis.
Result
Most NPC patients were male (74.2%), under 50 years old (56.1%), and had a secondary education level (90.9%). A significant portion (39.4%) had a normal body mass index. The preferred treatment strategy was neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiation (57.6%). A three-year survival analysis by Kaplan Meier revealed higher survival rates for stage IV patients and those without anemia, with anemia present in 71.2% of patients. Key laboratory findings included mean hemoglobin, leukocyte, and platelet levels of 10.9 g/dL, 10.716/microL, and 370.000/microL, respectively, alongside average platelet-to-hemoglobin ratio (0.0495), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (14.922), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (60.19), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (1.714), indicating their relevance to survival outcomes.
Conclusion
Frequently, NPC patients experienced anemia, which can impact their survival outcomes. Early correction of anemia and effective chemotherapy strategies are critical in improving patient prognosis. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate causative of anemia in managing this potentially curable malignancy.
