Glyphosate Removal and Bioelectricity Generation by Constructed Wetland Coupled with Microbial Fuel Cells for Reducing Agricultural Runoff Pollution Kiki Gustinasari (a),(b), Ellina S. Pandebesie(b), Arie Dipareza Syafei(b), and Joni Hermana(b*)
a)Environmental Engineering Program Study, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran, Malang City 65145, Indonesia
b)Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Environmental, and Geo-Engineering, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: hermana[at]its.ac.id
Abstract
Constructed wetland (CW) is a potential technology that is able to treat herbicides residue from agriculture activity that polluted water bodies through runoff. However, the CW performance in removing glyphosate residues can be improved by combining it with Microbial Fuel Cells, MFCs (CW-MFCs). In addition, the combination of CW-MFCs can generate electrical signals. This study was aimed to determine the effect of plant types also their mixed and electrode distance in the CW-MFCs reactor on the removal efficiency of glyphosate, ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) as well as bioelectricity production. Experiments were performed in 48 CW-MFCs reactors with agricultural synthetic wastewater containing glyphosate residue and nutrients. The reactor runs with the continuous flow with a discharge of 0.08 L/h and a detention time of 48 hours. Our results show that mixed plants in CW-MFCs with an electrode distance of 30 cm could provide the maximum efficiency in removing glyphosate and bioelectrical production of 99.91% and 57 mV. Meanwhile, the maximum removal of ammonium, nitrate, phosphate, and (COD) was 79.10%, 98.89%, 99.29%, and 90.97%, respectively.
