Responsible Governance for Anti-Corruption Oversight: Evidence from Indonesia^s APIP-APH MoU
Ari Setyawati (a), Milwan (b)

(a) Open University of Indonesia/Doctoral Student
(b) Open University of Indonesia/Academic Advisor

Abstract

Responsible governance is central to collaborative anti-corruption oversight because inter-agency coordination must improve administrative effectiveness without weakening statutory accountability. Indonesia^s 2023 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Attorney General^s Office, and the National Police formalizes coordination between the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) and law enforcement agencies (APH) in handling reports on regional governance. This article examines whether that institutional design provides a responsible and legally coherent pathway from administrative oversight to criminal-law handling. Prior studies mainly address legal doctrine, institutional roles, or coordination effectiveness, leaving the decision architecture of APIP-APH collaboration underexplored. The study uses qualitative critical institutional policy analysis of the MoU, relevant statutes, Constitutional Court decisions, official policy data, and selected governance literature. The unit of analysis is the provision-to-authority relationship governing classification, referral, administrative settlement, escalation, and accountability. Good Governance and Collaborative Governance provide the theoretical foundation, while Responsible Governance, institutional coherence, and policy coherence guide assessment. The analysis identifies a boundary problem around administrative settlement and criminal referral, particularly where restitution and state financial loss are involved. It proposes a Responsible Collaborative Oversight Decision Architecture (RCODA) consisting of a classification gate, a non-derogation legal gate, an accountable handoff protocol, and digital traceability. The article recommends harmonizing implementing rules around these mechanisms and testing their effects empirically, including their relationship with public trust.

Keywords: accountability- anti-corruption oversight- collaborative governance- responsible governance- policy coherence

Topic: Responsible Governance in the Digital Era: Navigating Transparency, Accountability, and Public Trust (E-Governance- Digital Governance- Transparency- Accountability)