Legal Governance of Indonesia^s Digital Population Identity: Data Protection and Public Trust
Septiawan Ardiputra

Universitas Siber Muhammadiyah

Abstract

This study analyzes personal data protection in the administration of Digital Population Identity (IKD) as part of Indonesia^s Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) governance and its implications for public trust. The main problem addressed in this study lies in the expansion of the state^s capacity to collect, verify, integrate, and exchange population data through identity digitalization, while legal and institutional safeguards for personal data protection remain dispersed across various regulatory regimes. This study employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials and supporting documents are qualitatively analyzed through systematization, interpretation, and prescriptive reasoning. The findings show that the legal architecture of IKD has connected the dimensions of constitutional rights, population administration, digital government, electronic system administration, and personal data protection. However, several governance gaps remain in relation to purpose limitation, data minimization, transparency, access control, interoperability, inter-agency accountability, audit mechanisms, incident notification, and citizens^ rights recovery. This study proposes the Accountable Digital Identity Governance model as an IKD governance framework based on legality, transparency, security, accountability, oversight, and citizens^ rights recovery. Personal data protection should therefore be positioned as a constitutional prerequisite for legitimate and trustworthy digital government.

Keywords: personal data protection- Digital Population Identity- Electronic-Based Government System- accountability- public trust

Topic: Responsible Governance in the Digital Era: Navigating Transparency, Accountability, and Public Trust (E-Governance- Digital Governance- Transparency- Accountability)