Integration of Augmented Reality into a Protist E-Module to Optimize Students^ Technological Literacy
Noviansyah Kusmahardhika, Rizky Agassy Sihombing, Susriyati Mahanal, Chun-Yen Chang, Shiang-Yao Liu

1. Graduate Institute of Science Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan
2. Department of Biology Education, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

Abstract

The concept of literacy has evolved alongside advances in science and technology, highlighting the importance of technological literacy in higher education. However, students^ technological literacy remains relatively low due to the limited integration of digital technology in biology learning and students^ low engagement in pre-learning reading activities. Therefore, innovative learning media that integrate technology are needed to enhance students^ technological literacy. This study aimed to develop an Augmented Reality (AR)-assisted protist e-module that is valid, practical, and effective in improving students^ technological literacy. The study employed the Lee and Owens instructional design model, which includes five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Technological literacy was measured using observation sheets, essay-based technological literacy tests, and a technological literacy questionnaire. The validity of the e-module was evaluated by media experts, content experts, instructional experts, and educational practitioners. The results indicated that the AR-assisted protist e-module met the validity criteria, with scores of 76.8% from media experts 100% from content experts (very valid), 98.8% from instructional experts, and 80% from educational practitioners. Practicality testing showed that the e-module was practical, with an average score of 84.65% from students and 90% from lecturers. The effectiveness results indicated that the AR-assisted e-module improved students^ technological literacy. The experimental class achieved average scores of 65.57 in observation results, 72.50 in technological literacy tests, and 76.53 in the technological literacy questionnaire. These findings suggest that the AR-assisted protist e-module is an effective digital learning medium for enhancing students^ technological literacy in biology learning.

Keywords: Augmented Reality, E-module, Technological Literacy, Protist Learning

Topic: Media literacy Ethics Sociology History (MESH) Learning