Improved Electrochemical Performance of PLA-Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes through Graphene Oxide Reinforcement Ristika Oktavia Asriza, I Made Arcana, Rachmawati, Sun Theo C L Ndruru
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Abstract
The development of sustainable solid polymer electrolytes has emerged as a critical focus for advancing next-generation lithium-ion batteries. In this work, poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a biodegradable and bio-based polymer, was engineered via the incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) to enhance its ionic and electrical conductivity. PLA/GO composite membranes were fabricated using a solution casting approach with systematically varied GO loadings to elucidate the role of filler concentration on the structural, thermal, and electrochemical properties. The introduction of GO markedly improved the conductivity of PLA, attributed to the abundance of oxygenated functional groups on GO nanosheets that facilitate ion transport and strengthen interfacial interactions within the polymer matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed a pronounced reduction in PLA crystallinity, leading to an increased amorphous phase that promotes ion mobility. Morphological observations confirmed a uniform dispersion of GO at optimal loading, whereas higher concentrations induced agglomeration, thereby limiting conductive pathways. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results demonstrated a substantial enhancement in ionic conductivity compared to pristine PLA, highlighting a strong synergistic interaction between the polymer matrix and GO. Furthermore, the optimized composite membrane exhibited improved thermal stability and mechanical robustness. Overall, this study establishes graphene oxide as an effective conductive nanofiller for enhancing the electrochemical performance of PLA-based electrolytes, offering a promising route toward environmentally sustainable energy storage materials.
