Metabolomic Profiling of Etlingera calophrys Fruit from Central Buton Based on LC-HRMS and Its Antioxidant Activity
Megawati(a*), Nurmira (a), Lisnawati (a)

Chemistry Program Study- Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka

Abstract

Etlingera calophrys (EC), a member of the Zingiberaceae family, is an endemic plant of Southeast Sulawesi. This plant is locally known as walay or olae by the Tolaki ethnic group and as humba by the Butonese community. Previous studies on its secondary metabolite profile and biological activities have been conducted in several regions of Southeast Sulawesi, including Konawe, South Konawe, and Muna. In Central Buton, this plant is commonly used as a culinary spice and is sometimes consumed directly. However, there has been no scientific study investigating the metabolite content and biological activity of EC originating from Central Buton.Therefore, this study aims to determine the secondary metabolite profile of the methanolic extract of EC fruit using Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and to evaluate its antioxidant activity using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. This research employed an experimental laboratory approach consisting of sample preparation, extraction, antioxidant assay, and LC-HRMS analysis. The extraction using methanol yielded a fruit extract with a percentage yield of 25.938%. The antioxidant assay using the DPPH method showed that the methanolic fruit extract exhibited very strong antioxidant activity, with an IC&#8325-&#8320- value of 27.05 mg/L, compared to ascorbic acid as a control with an IC&#8325-&#8320- value of 10.98 mg/L. LC-HRMS analysis identified a total of 185 compounds in the fruit extract, which were classified into two major groups: primary metabolites, including lipids, organic acids, carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides, and other organic compounds- and secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds, polyketides, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the methanolic extract of EC fruit from Southeast Sulawesi, particularly Central Buton Regency, contains a diverse range of chemical compounds and shows strong potential for development as a natural antioxidant agent.

Keywords: Zingiberacea- Etlingera calophrys- LCHRMS- Antioxidants

Topic: Organics Chemistry