Design and Calibration of an Affordable Arduino UNO-Based Resonance Frequency Meter Using MAX4466 Sound Sensor for Educational Applications
Dita Istiqomah (1), Hadi Nasbey (2), Maqbul Kamaruddin (3), and Dewanto Harjunowibowo (1*)

1) Department of Physics Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
2) Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
3) Department of ICTT Integrated Ocean Smart City Engineering Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
3) Department of Architecture, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, South Lampung Regency 35365, Indonesia

*) dewanto_h[at]staff.uns.ac.id

Abstract

Accurate resonance frequency measurement is fundamental in physics education to understand the wave and resonance phenomena. However, many educational laboratories face challenges accessing precise and affordable measurement tools. We initiated this work with a thorough review of existing models, which helped us identify certain limitations, particularly concerning detailed calibration. Our chosen approach centred on building a device around an Arduino UNO, integrating a MAX4466 sound sensor. Calibration was quite systematic: we directly compared its measured frequencies against a standard audio generator, deriving a robust calibration equation via linear regression. What we observed is that this calibrated device significantly enhanced measurement accuracy. Specifically, our results showed an average 42.86% reduction in measurement uncertainty. The linear regression model effectively mitigated systematic errors across the tested frequency range. Notably, while the apparatus exhibited good initial accuracy even pre-calibration, the process proved vital for ensuring data linearity and minimising uncertainty. This suggests that even humble, accessible components can yield reliable scientific measurements. A direct comparative study against a broad range of higher-cost commercial instruments was not within the immediate scope of this preliminary work. Nevertheless, this apparatus potentially provides a convenient tool for enriching hands-on experimental learning, effectively emphasising the development of reliable and truly accessible instrumentation in educational settings. It certainly contributes to equipping future scientists with better, more affordable resources.

Keywords: Arduino, Resonance, Frequency, Calibration, Acoustic.

Topic: Physics Education