Changes in Satoyama Landscapes in Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia Anwar Nasrudin (1)(2)*, and Akemi Itaya (2)
1) Sustainability Science Master^s Program, Graduate School, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia
2) Forest Engineering Laboratory, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of recent urbanization and the change of Satoyama in Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia, based on land cover and use changes using satellite images in order to discuss a strategy for the conservation of Satoyama landscapes. Significant improvements in classification accuracy were achieved, with overall accuracy rising from 73% to 85% and Kappa accuracy from 66% to 79%. The analysis revealed a decrease in dryland agriculture and shrub-mixed dryland farms, alongside an increase in forested areas and settlements. These changes have important implications for the sustainability of Satoyama landscapes, as increased forest areas support biodiversity. The Satoyama Index, reflecting the health of socio-ecological landscapes, improved from 2003 to 2013 but slightly declined by 2023 due to urbanization pressures. Cluster analysis identified three watershed groups with distinct characteristics: Cluster 1, dominated by dryland agriculture and rice fields with a low Satoyama Index- Cluster 2, characterized by shrub-mixed dryland farms and the highest Satoyama Index- and Cluster 3, with diverse land uses and a moderate Satoyama Index. Each cluster requires tailored land use management strategies to balance development and conservation. The findings emphasize the need for integrated land management to preserve satoyama landscapes and promote biodiversity. Effective strategies include enhancing agroforestry, supporting sustainable agriculture, and implementing comprehensive urban planning. This research highlights the critical role of adaptive management in maintaining ecological resilience and supporting sustainable development in the face of ongoing land use changes.
Keywords: Cluster analysis- Land cover and use change- Satoyama index- Satoyama landscape
