Evaluating the Impact of Surface Deformation on Building Damage During the 2022 Cianjur Earthquake Using Remote Sensing Silmi Afina Aliyan*1, Mochammad Rifqi Naufal Alfayyadh1, Jupri
Sains Informasi Geografi, Fakultas Pendidikan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Abstract
An earthquake measuring 5.6 on the Magnitude scale occurred in Cianjur Regency in 2022, which was caused by the activity of the newly discovered Cugenang fault. The type of fault, based on the focal mechanism analysis by the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG), is categorized as a dextral strike-slip fault with a strike direction of N347oE and a dip of 82 degrees. The relatively shallow depth of the earthquake at 60 km below the surface caused surface deformation around the area traversed by the fault. Much damage occurred to buildings and infrastructure- the distribution of damage needs to be identified to determine the factors influencing the damage. This study aims to analyze surface deformation and its impact on building and infrastructure damage due to the 2022 Cianjur earthquake. The method used in this study is quantitative and descriptive, with a Python-based Remote Sensing approach and statistical analysis to determine the relationship between building damage and the deformation conditions that occurred. The results show that the implications of the presence of the Cugenang Fault in the 2022 Cianjur earthquake resulted in two deformation phenomena. The northern area of the Cugenang Fault showed a maximum land surface rise of 38.14 millimeters. In the eastern area of the Cugenang Fault, a maximum land surface subsidence of 35.04 millimeters was observed. The correlation between surface deformation and the level of building damage shows a weak relationship. The results of a simple linear regression analysis indicate that building damage during the Cianjur earthquake was not influenced by surface deformation. The coefficient of determination yielded a value of 0.05, or only 5%. This means that deformation only affected 5% of the total damage, while the remaining 95% was influenced by other factors not examined in this study.
