Building and Analysis of Spectral Library for Durian Varieties in Malaysia Khoo Soh Teng (a*), Noordyana Binti Hassan (b)
(a)Department of Geoinformation, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM), 81310 UTM Skudai,Johor,Malaysia
(b) Geoscience and Digital Earth Centre (INSTeG), Research Institute of Sustainable Environment(RISE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai,Johor,Malaysia
Abstract
Traditional methods for manually evaluating durian species in agriculture are time-intensive and prone to human error. This study investigates the spectral characteristics of durian species in Malaysia, focusing on constructing a spectral library using spectral reflectance values. A spectroradiometer was utilized to measure the spectral reflectance of various durian species, including durian jungle (kampung) and cultivated durian varieties. Leaf samples were collected from Dusun UTM for analysis. Through this research, a comprehensive spectral library, encompassing a set of spectral reflectance values, was developed. Spectral separability techniques such as first, second, and third derivatives were employed to distinguish between durian species. The spectral reflectance data predominantly falls within the visible, near infrared, and short-wave infrared regions. The result show that spectral separability region for durian cultivars and kampung are green, yellow and red edge band. Vegetation indices such as NDVI, NDRE, GNDVI, and EVI were calculated using the spectral reflectance values, with results visualized on a dedicated Durian Dashboard. The spectral library will be significant for horticulturists and agriculturists, environmental scientists, remote sensing professionals, and GIS professionals. For example, use for durian mapping, monitor crop plants health and optimal optimizing growth conditions. In conclusion, the best band for separating the different durian varieties within inter species for durian kampung and durian cultivars are green, yellow, and red edge region wavelength. Reject the null hypothesis which means the comparison between inter species for durian kampung and durian cultivars are the different. The generated spectral library is anticipated to support future research and practical field applications. This study contributes to the advancement of accurate and efficient durian species identification methods, addressing the limitations of manual agricultural evaluation.
