Spatial Analysis of Accessibility, Vegetation Density, and Equity of Urban Green Spaces: A Case Study of Esenyurt, Istanbul
Tarik Emre Yorulmaz, Ugur Alganci, Dursun Zafer Seker

Istanbul Technical University, Graduate School, Geomatics Engineering Program, 34469 Istanbul, Turkiye

Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Geomatics Engineering Department, 34469 Istanbul, Turkiye

Abstract

Urban green spaces (UGSs) are essential for sustainable development and improving residents quality of life. However, urban green space is not always equally accessible to all city residents. This inequality is linked to a wider range of injustices, including disparities in health and well-being, and is a significant environmental justice issue. Accordingly, in this study, the spatial distribution of accessibility, vegetation density, and equity in Esenyurt, Istanbul, which is the most populous district of the city and the country, was analyzed. Using GIS-based network analysis, we found that approximately 813.27 hectares of residential areas are served by green spaces within a 500-meter walking distance, while 650.26 hectares remain unserved. The normalized vegetation density (NDVI) analysis showed moderate overall vegetation density, with significant variations across neighborhoods. Equity analysis revealed that green space per capita is only 1.01 m2, significantly below the 10 m2 threshold established by Turkiye official regulations. Based on the findings of this research, it is obvious that urban planners and decision-makers should prioritize the development of new urban green spaces to address accessibility and equity gaps.

Keywords: Urban green spaces, GIS-based network analysis, Green space accessibility, Vegetation Density, Spatial equity, Urban sustainability

Topic: Topic B: Applications of Remote Sensing