Analysis of SO2 and NO2 Air Quality Parameters Based on Satellite Imagery in Cement Industrial Area
Nurul Masyiah Rani Harusi 1,2*, Hengky Palalangan1, Sumarni Hamid Aly 1,2, Ibrahim Djamaluddin 1,2, A.Azizah Nurul Dinanti 1,2

1Department of Environmental Engineering, Facutly of Engineering, University of Hasanuddin, St. Poros Malino KM. 6, Bontomarannu, Gowa, South Sulawesi, 92172, Indonesia
2 Transportation and Air Quality Research Group, University of Hasanuddin, St. Perintis Kemerdekaan No. KM. 10, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, Indonesia
3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Muslim University of Indonesia, Jl. Urip Sumoharjo km.05 Makassar City, 90231, Indonesia

Abstract

The decline in air quality due to industrial activities, particularly in the cement industry, has become a serious environmental and public health concern. Emissions of hazardous gases such as sulfur dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) from coal combustion and cement production processes significantly contribute to atmospheric pollution. Limitations in air quality monitoring are often caused by the lack of Air Quality Monitoring Stations (AQMS), resulting in uneven pollutant distribution data. Satellite-based remote sensing, particularly using Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, offers an alternative for efficient spatial and temporal air quality monitoring. This study employs a Land Surface Temperature (LST) approach processed through Google Earth Engine (GEE) to estimate SO2 and NO2 concentration and analyze air quality based on the Air Pollution Standard Index (ISPU). LST values were extracted from Landsat 8 SR Collection 2 Level 2 data and then used to estimate SO2 and NO2 concentrations using empirical algorithms from Mahardianti et al. (2024). Field validation was conducted using measurements from the October 2023 Monitoring Report. Accuracy was assessed using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) method. Based on ISPU classification, NO2 values were within the Good category and SO2 Moderate category.

Keywords: Landsat 8, Google Earth Enginer, NO2, Cement Industry, Remote Sensing, Air Pollution Index

Topic: Topic B: Applications of Remote Sensing