Rosella Petals Mouthwash Formulation as Therapeutic Antibiofilm Agent on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans : in vitro study
Trijani Suwandi,1,*,** Mikha Sundjojo,1, Caesary Cloudya Panjaitan,2, Evangelista Rachel Hepziba,3, Tirza Oktarina Setiabudi,3

1 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
2 Department of Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
3 Undergraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia

Abstract

Backgrounds: The prevalence of periodontitis in Indonesia is relatively high. Periodontitis is caused by bacterial biofilms, one of them named Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Non-surgical periodontitis treatment involves scaling and root planing, plaque control, and antiseptic mouthwash. Rosella petals is an herbal ingredient that contains antibacterial agents, which can be formulated into a mouthwash. Objectives: to analyze the rosella petals mouthwash formulation as therapeutic antibiofilm agent on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory with post-test only control group design. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was incubated for 24 hours for biofilm production, followed by crystal violet staining assay to observe biofilm mass after one-hour incubation of five different rosella petals mouthwash formulation concentration (1.56%, 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, and 25%), along with 0.2% Chlorhexidine as positive control and distilled sterile water as negative control. Results: One-way ANOVA showed that rosella petals mouthwash formulation could significantly reduce mature A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm than negative control (p<0.05). Post Hoc test showed that the concentration of 25% and 12.5% rosella petal mouthwash could potentially reduce mature A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm compared to Chlorhexidine 0.2% by a significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusions: Rosella petals mouthwash formulation showed significant reduction on A. actinomycetemcomitans biofilm mass. Rosella petals mouthwash has the potential be used as an additional therapy in nonsurgical treatment of periodontitis.

Keywords: Rosella petals, mouthwash, therapeutic, antibiofilm, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Topic: Periodontics